The manual attempts to give definitive, illustrative guidelines for standardizing task statements according to the principles and techniques of Functional Job Analysis (FJA). It is therefore intended for use by persons trained and competent in FJA task analysis. Section 2 briefly reviews some of the concepts and assumptions which are involved in…

To determine the extent to which findings from studies with learners with high-level entry proficiency might apply to other learners, a group of 80 senior education majors were assigned to the Aircraft Instrument Comprehension Program under a variety of combinations of incentive, instruction, and feedback. In general the present study supports the…

With information derived from IPI Placement Tests, Unit Pretests, Curriculum Embedded Tests (CET's) and Unit Posttests; student performance on prescribed IPI tests and skill sheets, and observation of students' behavior, the teacher should, after planning sessions, be able to initiate the building of a basis for instructional decision making in…

A series of studies were conducted to determine how Army personnel in Mental Category IV and in other mental categories compare in their job performance and in their overall suitability for military service. Information is provided concerning the demands for reading, arithmetic, and listening skills in four major military occupational specialties.…

Information theory was used to qualify the difficulty of verbal discrimination (VD) learning tasks and to measure VD performance. Words for VD items were selected with high background frequency and equal a priori probabilities of being selected as a first response. Three VD lists containing only 2-, 3-, or 4-word items were created and equated for…

The present experiment was designed to assess the physiological changes instigated by the learned helplessness task, and to evaluate whether the physiological response patterns are similar to those reported in other studies on depression cited in this article. (Author/RK)

A large number of principles have been offered to account for thought disorder in schizophrenia. The two with which this paper is concerned are overinclusion and self-editing deficit. (Author)

The fundamentals of the program described require that the athlete analyze the task of swinging a golf club by scrutinizing it and by understanding each step and its importance to the goal. Mental readiness is stressed as well. (DS)

In laboratory groups the consequences of positive, negative, and no leader feedback were examined following collective group failure. Results suggested that positive leader feedback, following collective failure, is a more effective strategy than negative leader feedback to increase group integration, perceived task motivation, and leader…

This research found storage of information in a short-term memory task to have a detrimental effect upon perceptual processing in a detection task. Additionally, it was determined that the magnitude of the effect was related to the degree of visual similarity, but not acoustic similarity, between the stored information and the perceptual…

This study measured the feature selection and classification ability of 213 children between the ages of four and sixteen through an analysis of their sorting performance from a developmental point of view. (CM)

Investigates whether noninstructional speech distracts normal school children from a vigilance task and examines the role played by meaningfulness and schedule of presentation in producing speech's effects. A total of 60 first grade males performed a 30-minute visual vigilance task under five conditions of auditory background stimulation.…

This study tests two differing hypotheses: the competing response hypothesis, which states that both reward and non-reward distractions produce decreases in interest which weaken over repeated trials, and the attribution/overjustification hypothesis, which maintains that rewards produce a decrease in interest that does not weaken over trials.…

Demonstrates that in a replication of a well known social facilitation study, subjects show indications across several measures of being more distracted in audience conditions than when they are alone. Subjects were 55 college students. (MP)

Subjective perceptions of outcomes (both success and failure) may vary considerably from those of the experimenter's, and causal attributions are based as much on subject's own perceptions of success and failure as on the experimenter's definitions of outcomes. (Author/MJB)