SELF-JUDGMENTS OF COMPETENCE VARY GREATLY. COMPETENCE JUDGMENTS ARE IMPORTANT IN TESTING THE THEORY OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION. APPLICATION OF THIS THEORY REQUIRES ACCURATE CONTROL OR ASSESSMENT OF THE SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITIES IN AN INDIVIDUAL'S COMPETENCE JUDGMENTS. SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITIES ARE OF TWO TYPES--(1) SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS,…

RESEARCH LITERATURE ON ATTENTION WAS REVIEWED, APPROACHES TO THE MEASUREMENT OF ATTENTION IN A CLASSROOM SETTING WERE STUDIED, AND CLASSROOM EXPERIMENTS IN WHICH ATTENTION WOULD BE STUDIED AS A DEPENDENT OR INDEPENDENT VARIABLE WERE DESIGNED. THE RESEARCH LITERATURE INDICATES THAT NOVELTY, VARIETY, CHANGE, AND COMPLEXITY ARE VARIABLES RELATED TO…

A group of 253 male students in a freshman chemistry class participated in this research, which investigated the relationship between performance attributions and expectations and performance on a subsequent task. College students attributed their success or failure on two chemistry tests to ability, effort, luck, or task difficulty, and indicated…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job satisfaction of teachers and perceived school effectiveness. Questionnaires were distributed to teachers in 75 elementary schools in Ontario, Canada. A job description index and the concept of organizational effectiveness were used to measure job satisfaction variables of work,…

THE EFFECT OF ADAPTIVE VERSUS NONADAPTIVE TRAINING UPON PEROFRMANCE IN A VISUAL TARGET DETECTION TASK WAS INVESTIGATED. ADAPTIVE TRAINING WAS NOT FOUND TO BE SUPERIOR TO NONADAPTIVE TRAINING. BUT INCREASING TASK DIFFICULTY IN AN ARBITRARY STEPWISE FASHION WAS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN MAINTAINING A CONSTANT LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY. THIS DOCUMENT, AD 634…

IT WAS HYPOTHESIZED THAT DUE TO THE REAL OR IMAGINARY MENTAL DEPRIVATION OF THE LOWER-CLASS CHILD, TANGIBLE REWARDS WOULD BE MORE REASSURING TO HIM AND WOULD INVOLVE HIM IN CONCEPTUAL TASKS MORE THAN WOULD THE INTANGIBLE REWARDS OF THE SORT OFFERED IN MIDDLE-CLASS SCHOOLS. THESE FOUR KINDS OF CONCEPTUAL BEHAVIOR--(1) CONCEPT SWITCHING, (2) CONCEPT…

LIGHTING RECOMMENDATIONS ALONG WITH DESIGN IMPLICATIONS ARE DISCUSSED. COMMENTS OF SEVERAL LEADING LIGHTING AUTHORITIES ARE INCLUDED. A SERIES OF LIGHTING CONSIDERATIONS RECOMMENDS--(1) CHILDREN CAN ACQUIRE AN AWARENESS OF THEIR LUMINOUS ENVIRONMENT THROUGH EARLY TRAINING, (2) INTENSITY, DISTRIBUTION, HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL POLARIZATION AND THE…

A study was conducted to determine if rewards influence both the level of satisfaction a person feels towards his work and the performance exhibited by that person on the task. The study had four specific objectives: to develop a comprehensive list of job rewards; to develop, in particular, a list of rewards of an intrinsic nature; to compare…

The research was conducted to determine if a physically complex, continuous, three-dimensional psychomotor skill could be acquired more efficiently with simulated-task, augmented feedback than with the feedback normally provided by performing the task itself. The specific skill selected for the study was shielded metal arc welding because it is…

This study grew out of interest in how occupational role stress, moderated by personality, affects health--particularly in the area of coronary heart disease. People in organizations are now asking how occupational role demands and technological developments affect employee health. This study examined the effects of an impending shutdown of the…

The purposes of this study are: (1) to attempt to show the weakness of the theory of a two-stage process of attending, i.e. having both separate and ordered focusing and elaborating aspects; and (2) to offer an alternative approach whereby both focusing and elaborating are under the service of cognitive variables. The discussion covers the issue…

To investigate how a child organizes new objects and how categories function for a chid, twelve 6- and twelve 8-year-olds were individually given several sorting tasks involving 21 three-dimensional nonsense objects. The child was exposed to all the objects; three objects were pointed out and withdrawn; and then the child was asked to describe…

In order to judge or design the lighting of an interior a person must be able to understand and take into account many aspects of seeing and illumination. Important areas of consideration are--(1) factors that contribute to the visibility of an object: size, brightness, contrast, and time, (2) radiant energy with regard to the visible spectrums of…

Eighteen significantly different classroom lighting systems were measured and analyzed in order to determine how contrasts from different light sources affect the ability to see visual tasks in the school room. Using criteria and techniques established from previous lighting research, the lighting systems are evaluated according to their…

This study determines effects of posthypnotic suggestions in dealing with attitudinal impediments of students performing the overhand volleyball serve. Subjects were 54 male and female college students enrolled in beginning volleyball. Subjects were assigned either to a control or to an experimental group. After four class sessions, a 10-trial…