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Balam, Osmer; de Prada Pérez, Ana – Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 2017
Through the analysis of survey and interview data, we investigated the attitudes and perceptions of 32 multilingual teachers of Spanish in Belize, a code-switching (CS) context where Spanish is in intense contact with English and Belizean Kriol. More specifically, we examined teachers' and students' attitudes toward Spanish and CS and teachers'…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Teacher Surveys, Interviews, Teacher Attitudes
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Payne, Yasser Arafat; Suddler, Carl – Equity & Excellence in Education, 2014
This study organized five black American undergraduate students into a participatory action research (PAR) team to examine Cross and Strauss' (1998) and Cross, Smith, and Payne's (2002) functions of blackness theory (i.e., bonding, code switching, and individualism) within a sample of black American students, frontline staff (i.e., janitors), and…
Descriptors: Whites, Institutional Characteristics, African American Students, Undergraduate Students