This publication presents evidence that low-income and minority children are more likely to be in schools with unqualified and ineffective teachers than their white and more affluent peers. A growing body of research claims that this lack of qualified teachers in high-poverty schools is more critical in explaining the underachievement of…

A discussion of current second language testing trends and practices in Australia focuses on the use of performance assessment, providing examples of its application in four specific contexts: an occupational English test used for to assess job-related English language skills as part of the certification procedure for health professionals;…

This publication examines research on the quality of teacher licensing examinations, explaining that state examinations do not necessarily guarantee that teachers have the breadth and depth of subject knowledge to teach all students to high standards. Researchers focused on English/language arts, mathematics, and science, analyzing actual exams…