Over the last two decades, online learning adoption happened gradually in K-12 schools, mostly among innovators and early adopters. Then in 2020, the onset of COVID-19 ignited widespread adoption of emergency online learning, practically overnight. Online learning moved swiftly from the periphery to the core of K-12 education since it offered the…

After the COVID-19 pandemic forced school buildings to close, online learning became a lifeline for K-12 education. It let schools carry on in "the cloud" when they could not meet in person. But online learning's potential benefits for K-12 go well beyond providing stop-gap solutions during school closures. It offers an opportunity to…

Practically overnight, the spread of COVID-19 caused a sudden shutdown of classroom-based instruction--the centuries-old emblem of formal education. Fortunately, the capabilities of the technological era--in which broadband connectivity, mobile communication, and video conferencing are increasingly common--meant that for the first time in world…