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Vu, Phu; Vu, Lan – Journal of Research and Practice for Adult Literacy, Secondary, and Basic Education, 2012
According to the U.S. Department of Education (2004), more than 40% of approximately three million learners in the federally-funded adult education programs are in the area of English as a second language (ESL). These learners, the majority of whom are immigrants and refugees, represent a huge diversity of cultural backgrounds and nationalities,…
Descriptors: Second Language Instruction, Adult Learning, Adult Students, Immigrants