The redundancy principle of multimedia learning indicates that people learn better from graphics and narration simultaneously than from graphics, narration, and printed text simultaneously. The current study investigated whether the redundancy principle may apply to multimedia instruction of correspondences between a second language (L2) and a…

This study was to further examine the multimedia redundancy effect in learning a basic level of Microsoft "Access" 2013 application. Two groups of teacher education majors were randomly assigned into one of the two 20-minute instructional modules: (a) graphics and narration and (b) graphics, narration, and text. The text was duplication…

This study was designed to examine the effect of the redundancy principle in a multimedia presentation constructed for foreign language vocabulary learning on undergraduate students' retention. The underlying hypothesis of this study is that when the students are exposed to the material in multiple ways through animation, concurrent narration,…

The issue of redundancy has not been well explored in the social work curriculum. The Curriculum Policy Statement requires redundancy in the form of infusion of material across content areas and addresses redundancy vertically between levels of education and year of program. Further, redundancy in the form of repetition with the purpose of…