Language classrooms are complex systems, but theory often simplifies these processes making researching effectiveness difficult. Assemblage theory -- a theory of complexity in the social sciences -- allows us to examine complexity in the language classroom. In this paper, I present an account of the language classroom that captures the complexity,…

An extensive number of studies acknowledge the transformed nature of literacies by building on the complexity of multimodal semiotic repertoires and available digital resources (Reinhardt & Thorne, 2019; Toffoli, 2020). The exposure to such resources and tools makes digital literacies dynamic as environments provide students with opportunities…

The systematic approach to teaching provides a method for the functional organization and development of instruction. This method applies to preparation of materials for classroom use, as well as for print and non-print media. Inputs to the systems approach include well defined objectives, analysis of the intended audience, special criteria…

This study determined if students have a better understanding of the components of interdependence when they use instructional materials which emphasize a systems approach, when they work cooperatively in a group, and when the classroom environment fosters both of the above variables. For the purpose of this study, a working definition of…

The classroom may be described as an open system of interacting roles, with the function of the instructor described as defining boundaries and regulating transactions across them. In the classroom, the primary task (that which an organization must perform if it is to survive) is to change student behavior in prescribed ways. Boundaries are…

While three models of the application of Piaget's theory to education have been identified, the Park School (Norwalk, Connecticut) adds a fourth. This method involves a systems approach that extends beyond curricula and derives teaching techniques and administrative practices from Piaget's view. The approach uses logical games and…

This overview of an introductory, graduate level course in instructional systems design taught at Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville stresses the point that professors of instructional design need to utilize the concepts, principles, and procedures which they present in their courses. Special attention is given to the analysis, development,…

The first step in establishing an educational system is to assess the desired outcomes of the task and to state them as observable behaviors. The second step is to determine the optimal learning environment for the achievement of those goals. The final step is to set up a system of evaluating the quality of the instruction and the performance of…

As the element of government closest to direct taxpayer control, education is in deep crisis. Education must become more productive if only to maintain its present level of operation. Increasing productivity means getting the same results for less cost, getting better results for the same cost, or getting significantly better results for…

Principles of performance based teacher education and humanistic education are surveyed, and both sets are found applicable and necessary for the preparation of health occupations teachers. The Health Occupations Teacher Education Program (HOTEP) of the University of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign is presented as an example of a program blending the…

This paper describes a systematic approach to composition instruction and provides evidence of that system's successful implementation. The approach is based on Benjamin S. Bloom's Taxonomy and has five stages: presenting the student with reasons for learning the material, listing immediate and long-range instructional objectives, preassessing…

A word of caution is needed about the tendency of language teachers to seize on simplistic and unproven solutions to complex problems. For example, the concept of individualization, when it is limited to having students work in isolation to fulfill mechanically-prescribed objectives, should be questioned. The so-called "systems approach" to…

The relationship between instruction and instructional design is explored. The aim of instruction is to assist the individual as learner. The Learner, the Content, the Media, the Teacher Function, and the Context within which learning is to occur interact during a period of time to form an instructional episode (the CMT paradigm). Considering all…

Confusion and concern about the use of the term "andragogy" generated the question, "Is there a generic set of principles that guide lifelong learning?" The term "anthrogogy" (anthro = human) was created to name the way out of the confusion. To identify the assumptions that constitute anthrogogy and illustrate their…

Two basic approaches to career education (CE) are available to school systems in Arkansas: a "stand-alone" approach and an "integrated" CE program. The stand-alone course, which is called career orientation (CO), is required for all junior high schools. It consists of four major units: self-awareness; career awareness;…