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Gregory, Chris; Miyazaki, Yasuo – Journal of Educational Research, 2018
Compositional effects of scholarly culture classroom/school climate on civic knowledge scores of 9th graders in the United States were examined using the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) 1999 Civic Education Study data. Following Evans et al. (2010, 2014), we conceived that the number of books at home,…
Descriptors: Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Educational Policy, Educational Environment, Scores
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Cheng, Chao-Yang; Chen, Sherry Y.; Lin, Sunny S. J. – Journal of Educational Research, 2017
The authors defined optimal experience as a functional state of a relatively high level of concentration, time distortion, satisfaction, and enjoyment (Csikszentmihalyi, 1992) and collected data through the Day Reconstruction Method. In three random days, 147 fifth-grade students answered questionnaires for each school event in the previous day…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Student Experience, Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Grade 5
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Jung, Eunjoo – Journal of Educational Research, 2014
The author examined whether mathematics instruction provided by kindergarten teachers is related to children's mathematics learning during the kindergarten year based on the children's socioeconomic status and race. Hierarchical linear modeling was employed using a large sample of kindergarten students to estimate relationships between the…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Preschool Teachers, Mathematics Instruction