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Lin, Lijia; Lee, Chee Ha; Kalyuga, Slava; Wang, Ying; Guan, Shuchen; Wu, Hao – Journal of Experimental Education, 2017
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of imagination and learner-generated drawing on comprehension, reading time, cognitive load, and eye movements, and whether prior knowledge moderated the effects of these two strategies. Sixty-three undergraduate students participated in a pretest-posttest between-subjects study with the…
Descriptors: Freehand Drawing, Imagination, Reading Comprehension, Reading Rate

Dwyer, Francis M.; De Melo, Hermes – Journal of Experimental Education, 1984
This experiment was designed to investigate effect of verbal instruction alone vs. verbal instruction complemented by simple line drawings; effect of visual testing vs. nonvisual testing; effect of verbal cued vs. free recall on student achievement; effect of order of testing on subsequent achievement; and interaction among type of instruction,…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Cues, Higher Education, Performance Factors

Joseph, John H.; Dwyer, Francis M. – Journal of Experimental Education, 1984
To investigate the effectiveness of integrating abstract and realistic visualization, the effectiveness of four treatments was measured for: (1) facilitating student achievement of different kinds of educational objectives; (2) students possessing different levels of student ability; (3) externally paced and self-paced methods of instruction; and…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Criterion Referenced Tests, Educational Objectives, Grade 10