Central to evolution is the concept of a common ancestry from which all life has emerged over immense time scales, but learning and teaching temporal aspects of evolution remain challenging. This study investigated students' interpretation of evolutionary time when engaging with a multi-touch tabletop application called DeepTree, a dynamic…

An overall schema of interpretation for programming instructors is given, so that the misconceptions students develop in programming can be determined more readily. Types of language-independent and -dependent bugs, how they can be identified, and how to help students overcome them are addressed. (MNS)

Computer software with graphic representations of functions can teach algebraic concepts, or can blur or obscure concepts of great importance. Making good use and bad use of visual imagery are each discussed. Then a general theory of interpretation of graphs is proposed, and a list of examples is presented. (MNS)