This study explored the effects of high-stakes testing and accountability on the fundamental practices associated with middle school philosophy. Participants were middle school educators, including administrators and teachers, from Pennsylvania middle schools. An online survey was used to collect data for this study. The survey addressed the…

Addresses the importance of integrating the intellectual and moral education of gifted students. A framework synthesized from the works of Dewey and Guilford explicates basic structural components of the intellectual and moral dimensions of development. Suggestions for facilitating complex learning through complex teaching and the complex…

Instead of being considered a curricular entity, reading should be treated as an essential part of the total learning structure through the integration of reading behaviors and academic content. The assumptions underlying the use of the skill-centered reading curriculum to meet the goal of content acquisition-that reading skills will transfer to…