A vast existing literature in educational research has been explored on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) with the focus on addressing self-efficacy, self-regulation and social interactions in learning. This theory is used as a framework to predict behaviours and interventions. However, researchers have managed to comprehend and adopt the theory…

The Norwegian folk high schools have a legally defined role in the national educational system as a value-based pedagogical alternative without grades, exams or pre-defined curriculums. The roots of the schools can be traced to the theologian N.F.S. Grundtvig and his ideals of a learning that develops not just the mind but the whole student. The…

Given urgent need for culturally competent early childhood educators and the strategic encouragement by colleges for students to travel internationally, this analysis focuses on the question: What is the relationship between international experiences and preservice early childhood educators' cultural competence? More specifically, three questions…

Both Jarvis and theories of Christian Religious Education (CRE) emphasise that learning develops the whole person, yet they differ in their understandings of how and why this is the case. Jarvis's experiential learning theory begins "from below" with experience, whereas many approaches of CRE begin with the end result: individuals…

Teachers' efficacy beliefs are critical to improving student learning, but we have yet to fully understand how these beliefs develop. The prevailing model of teachers' efficacy development emerges from cognitive theories, but sociocultural theories may add insights to modeling the impact of teachers' school contexts. This case study takes a…

In a self-study the main author examines the difficulties and challenges his students experience in their literary development. The central question is: How can my teaching support students in their literary development? This self-study is supported by a research group, examining together one literature lesson given by the main author, striving…

Problem: Leaders today need a new set of knowledge and skills to be effective in collaborative environments. The focus of this study was to investigate how collaborative environments can contribute to leadership development. The purpose of this study was to describe how the collaborative environment of summer camp helped shape emerging adults as…

Humanistic Psychology emphasizes five key principles: (1) belief in the wholeness of human nature and experience; (2) focus on free will and the individual power to create; (3) realization that the human person lives "nested" in biology, culture and history; (4) conscious intention is important to human development and action; and (5)…

This paper addresses many theories of learning and human development which are very similar with regards as to how they suggest learning occurs. The differences in most of the theories exist in how they treat the development of the learner compared to methods of teaching. Most of the major learning theories taught to educators today are based on…

Argues that a mastery of teaching methods is insufficient as a guide to understanding the developmental learning processes they are supposed to produce; and that these processes, when they occur in a management development program, are not controlled by the educator alone. (Author)

Explores the notion of "gerogogy"--teaching aimed at the elderly. The author indicates directions that gerogogical research may take and speculates that a theoretical framework for gerogogy may begin to emerge from our current knowledge about the human development, learning, and teaching of the elderly. (CT)

Part of the monthly Saturday Review supplement, "Education in America," sponsored by the Charles F. Kettering Foundation.

Describes how individually paced instruction (IPI) works, the major assumptions of IPI and difficulties encountered with them, and problems with measuring only behavioral objectives. Concludes that IPI is useful for courses that have fixed knowledge content. (ND)

In this article, the author discusses her views on philosophies and theories by Lev Semenovich Vygotsky and Howard Gardner. Here, she argues that Vygotsky's ideas should be viewed through the prism of Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences, and that the combination of these concepts can shed new light on education--on teaching and learning.…

The author is concerned that teaching strategies based on the values clarification approach (VCA) and on Kohlberg's stage theory of moral development might be premature. The VCA has been adopted widely despite concerns about threats to privacy of participating students, infringement on rights of parents to shape their children's values, and…