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Mackenzie, Andrew A.; White, Richard T. – American Educational Research Journal, 1982
Three treatments based on the model of memory proposed by R.M. Gagne and R.T. White were compared in their effects on eighth- and ninth-graders' learning and retention of geographical facts and skills. The first treatment had an active excursion, the second had a passive excursion, and the third had no excursion. (Author/PN)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Cognitive Processes, Field Trips