Learning theories provide philosophically informed, basic principles for understanding the mechanisms through which people learn based on a combination of field or laboratory studies. Unfortunately, however, there are several clear conflicts between theoretical approaches and common methods in teaching. Consequently, key challenges among teachers…

Tennis has been one of the most popular sports among people of all ages. Since the COVID-19 pandemic broke out in the United States, the number of tennis participants has significantly increased due to it being one of the safest sports to play (USTA, 2021). Tennis has also been identified as an important net/wall game to learn in schools (SHAPE…

Background: Teacher education is a complex endeavor designed to prepare preservice teachers for the task of teaching physical education to students in K-12 schools. Yet, there is widespread criticism of teacher education outcomes within the United States and around the world. Consequently, teacher educators have been increasingly called upon to…

Physical education teachers who are looking for creative activities that engage students and that meet national and state standards for learning, may find "Balls and Beats" as a perfect solution. "Balls and Beats", in a fun and dynamic atmosphere, covers all the basic needs for effective student learning based upon the the…

Learning a new skill involves learning the appropriate basic form. In archery basic form is shooting form and it has globally accepted standards. Shooting form general lines are divided into phases as stance, nocking the arrow, hooking, and gripping, setup, drawing, loading, anchoring, holding, expansion and aiming, release and follow-through.…

Action observation, where a learner observes a model demonstrating a skill, has long been established in the literature as an effective means to acquire motor skills. Developments in virtual reality technology have made it possible for a 3D action observation viewing perspective, theoretically providing a viewing experience similar to observing a…

Traditional physical education mainly relies on the instructor's verbal explanations and physical demonstrations. However, learners might be confused about whether their movements and positions are correct. Moreover, a typical badminton class has approximately 50 students, creating a huge teaching load for an instructor. To reduce the instructor's…

Basketball, as one of the most popular sports courses in Chinese colleges and universities, has always been taught in a traditional ball teaching method, which has caused many problems in students' learning effects, such as poor basketball tactics, weaker physical fitness and so on. Therefore, it is imperative to reform the basketball courses in…

To cope in various aquatic environments (i.e. swimming pools, lakes, rivers, oceans), learners require a wide repertoire of self-regulatory behaviours such as awareness of obstacles and water properties, floating and moving from point to point with different strokes, decision making, emotional control and breathing efficiently. By experiencing…

This article focuses on a comparative analysis of traditional Physical Education games and experiential learning on the part of teacher candidates enrolled in an Ontario Faculty of Education and one in Southwest China. Funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) partnership grant for research on Reciprocal…

Swing movements and muscle strength are essential for mastering badminton techniques. Traditionally, students learn badminton through their instructor's physical demonstration, verbal instructions, and small group activities. To enhance students' learning experience and assist badminton instructors more effectively, this study proposes an…

Background: In this paper, we explore physical education from a relational worldview. Theoretically guided by an ecological dynamics framework, this perspective calls us to conceptualise 'education' in its etymological roots -- ex-ducere -- meaning 'to lead' an individual 'out' into the world. In doing so, an educator would employ a 'softer'…

Differentiated Instruction is a method for providing students with an equitable teaching experience. This article presents a method for teaching by invitation using the 'Hot Sauce' method. This practical technique is discussed in detail with examples for implementation into physical education classes at all levels. Student choice and competition…

The purpose of this article is to present a content map and sequenced learning tasks to teach tennis footwork techniques in a physical education setting.

Background: The Constraints-Led Approach (CLA) has emerged as a viable pedagogical option for teachers and coaches in the sport and physical education. The emergence of a CLA to teaching and coaching has paralleled a change in the current zeitgeist with many scientists embracing the ideas of complexity and a more ecologically driven agenda. The…