In this study of 211 teacher work samples derived from a professional development programme, teachers' conceptualisations of student inquiry were revealed by examining the nature of perceived outcomes and the role of critical thinking that animated teachers' student inquiries collected over nine years. Using a schema adapted from the literature,…

Science process skills (SPS) are considered essential for scientific and technological eras nowadays. This study aims to provide information on how SPS in Indonesia have been researched from 2016 to 2022, including the number of studies conducted, research designs used, frequently addressed science topics, interventions, assessment instruments…

In this paper we argue that the complexity of education systems can lead to a lack of coherence in the implementation of policy. More effective educational change requires policymakers and researchers to pay more attention to supporting teachers in classrooms. As an example, we consider decades of research attempts in STEM education to implement…

When exploring and introducing sound, students need to understand that there are multiple aspects that work together to create sound. In this single class lesson, students work through an inquiry-based challenge to discover how sound can be manipulated and altered through these elements. By investigating how to manipulate sound, students are able…

In order to evaluate students' development of scientific competence at the intermediate level, a guided-inquiry course was developed to increase student independence, including opportunities for project ownership and significant collaborative learning expectations. A survey was developed to assess students' experiences learning the scientific…

A tool is presented that can automatically assess the quality of students' concept maps and provide feedback based on a reference concept map. It is shown that this tool can effectively assess the quality of concept maps, and that it can provide accurate and helpful feedback on a number of specific shortcomings often evident in students' concept…

This article provides insights into the experiences of two teachers who were part of a project centred on inquiry approaches to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education. The project required teachers (from a range of different schools) to develop integrated STEM inquiry projects for their students. It brought together…

This Study aim to investigate the effects of integrated inquiry-based and STEM education learning management on Thai grade 8 students' analytical thinking and learning achievement. The research employed a one-group experimental design with 37 grade 8 students from a public school in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, selected through purposive…

The aim of this study is to discuss the role of teachers in reflective teaching. The scope of this study is focused on explanations of reflective teaching from three experts. Reflective teaching is a holistic thought that enables a teacher to make choices and take alternative actions and allows teachers to think to improve teaching and learning…

Teachers lack effective curriculum-based instruments to assess their students' scientific competence that would provide information for modifying their inquiry instruction. The main purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Curriculum-Based Scientific Competence (CBSC) test to assess students' scientific competence in a 1-semester Grade…

The goal of this study was to understand how school librarians and classroom teachers co-teach to facilitate learner-centered instruction, including inquiry and maker learning. Research was conducted through interviews and field observations over three years. In this study, the participating school librarians and teachers worked together…

Standardized tests have been applied as student knowledge assessment in many countries, including Azerbaijan. However, studies have shown that standardized tests are not an effective way of measuring students' knowledge because they limit students' creativity and prevent instructors from applying individual teaching methods due to the pressure of…

This case study examined teachers' on-the-fly formative assessment conversations, that is, how teachers collect information from students' thinking and use that information to support their learning during teacher-student interactions. Previous studies have typically analysed whole-class discussions on the level of speaking turns, and have…

Problem solving plays an essential role in all scientific disciplines, and solving problems can reveal essential concepts that underlie those disciplines. Thus, problem solving serves both as a common tool and desired outcome in many science classes. Research on teaching problem solving offers principles for instruction that are guided by learning…

Crossroads Elementary School in Saint Paul, Minnesota, was designed and built physically and pedagogically with an "Inquiry Zone" located in the heart of the school. This collection of 80 learning centers provides a pathway for all students to pursue their own scientific interests. In this article, the authors describe the background and…