Many students with learning disabilities struggle with sentence writing fluency, the skill of quickly and accurately generating words that follow rules of semantics, spelling, syntax, and usage within sentence structures understandable to readers. Students who struggle with sentence writing fluency may face difficulty fully expressing their ideas…

Teachers' instructional language is often described as key in facilitating the learning of children with disabilities. This article explored two teachers' instructional language as used in interactions with children with mild and severe language difficulties in one-on-one instructional sessions. The results showed that teachers used more…

There are many adolescent readers who, for a variety of reasons, find it difficult to connect with written words and have fallen behind on their foundational reading skills. Thankfully, it's never too late to give these necessary skills a boost and help students find joy in reading and learning. Armed with equity, empathy, evidence-based research,…

Purpose: This tutorial is an introduction to first phase syntax (FPS; Ramchand, 2008). FPS provides a new, cross-linguistically motivated perspective on clause internal structure. A new sequence of syntactic development is proposed based on FPS with 4 levels of complexity: (0) verb particles and adjectives in the 1-word stage, (1) semantic…

In recent decades there has been renewed interest in the teaching of grammar as part of primary pedagogical practice. It is now well over a decade since the Australian Curriculum: English was released incorporating a model of language requiring the explicit teaching and understanding of grammar from both a traditional and functional perspective.…

Research indicates that readers break down complex words into their smallest, meaning-based units (morphemes) when spelling (e.g., Senechal, 2000). However, it remains unclear how morphemes are formed and whether newly formed morphological knowledge (i.e., knowledge of morphemes) is strong enough to support word learning. The current research…

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a learning management plan designed using the GPAS 5 Step model in enhancing the learning achievement of 31 Thai language learners in the area of sentence structure. Participants were selected through cluster sampling from a population of Thai language learners in a public school. The research…

This dissertation investigates the interplay between the implicit knowledge that learners have of a nonnative language and their processing of that language, examining two types of relative clauses (RCs) in English: gapped RCs (e.g., "the man that they hired") and resumptive RCs (e.g., *"the man that they hired him").…

Headsprout Early Reading is a computer-based program designed on behavioral principles to enhance the basic skills that underpin the initial development of reading. In a within and between groups design, and using primary schools within Northern Ireland that had a currently high proportion of disadvantaged pupils, children who were behind their…

The teaching of writing in secondary English subjects in Australia, as in other countries including England and the United States, has become increasingly formulaic. Pedagogies including direct instruction, modelling, scaffolding, and genre-based approaches involve the implementation of formulas for writing sentences, paragraphs, and entire…

Many digital reading applications have built-in features to control the presentation flow of texts by segmenting those texts into smaller linguistic units. Whether and how these segmentation techniques affect the readability of texts is largely unknown. With this background, the current study examined a recent proposal that a sentence-by-sentence…

The ability to write well is inextricably linked to reading comprehension, acquisition of content knowledge, and college and career readiness. Many adolescent students, especially those from economically challenged (EC) households, struggle in their ability to communicate in writing, especially in writing to explain or inform across subject areas.…

In this article, we examine the promise of a popular set of sentence stems, "I notice" and "I wonder," for fostering productive discussion in an online course for teachers. Drawing on teachers' responses to one another's classroom reflections, we look for evidence regarding how course prompts encouraging teachers to use these…

This study investigates the extent to which paper-based data-driven learning (DDL) activities can improve Thai EFL students' grammar learning of conditional sentences (the second condition), as well as the participants' attitudes toward learning through the DDL approach. This was a two-week research using a one-group pre-test and post-test design.…

Students can learn in a meaningful way through the use of educational games. When students apply their skills and information in order to progress through a game, a huge degree of engagement is generated among them in the classroom as a result both their capabilities and their learning increase. 153 children from primary schools in Vietnam…