This study focuses on the evolution and literacy transmission of the Suona ensemble in Southwest Shandong Province, China, which encompasses a rich tapestry of traditional and modern educational methods spanning familial inheritance, master-apprentice relationships, selfstudy, and formal training schools. Drawing on interviews with key informants and historical analysis, this study delves into the intricate web of practices that have shaped the evolution and preservation of Suona music over the centuries. From the oral traditions of family transmission to the structured curriculum of training schools, each method has played a vital role in sustaining this cherished cultural heritage and facilitating literacy transmission in music education. Despite facing challenges such as limited access to formal education and the scarcity of written scores, Suona artists have demonstrated remarkable resilience, adapting to societal changes while maintaining the essence of their craft. As economic growth and cultural shifts reshape rural communities, the demand for Suona ensemble music continues to grow, prompting innovations in teaching and learning methods. Through a blend of tradition and innovation, Suona ensemble music remains a vibrant and enduring expression of Chinese folk culture, enriching the lives of both practitioners and audiences alike.