ERIC Number: EJ1459077
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2024
Pages: 20
Abstractor: As Provided
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EISSN: EISSN-2374-8257
Available Date: N/A
Why and How Diagrams Help in Teaching Syllogistic Skills: An Embodied Account
Menno van Calcar
Analytic Teaching and Philosophical Praxis, v44 n2 p60-79 2024
Teaching syllogistic reasoning is often perceived as teaching pupils the purely formal rules of deductive inference. According to this common conception, such reasoning is a highly abstract skill, one that is carried out by the processing of syntactically encoded representations of the premises. This paper argues that syllogistic reasoning may, indeed, keep clear of the concrete contents of the premises, but is realized by a skill that is less abstract than rule-following. It argues that reasoning is continuous with our other skills and is realized by our capacities to deal with spatial situations. This explains why the use of Venn diagrams, a much-used technique for evaluating syllogistic inferences, is effective: the spatial layout expressed by the diagrams directly activates the actual mechanism reasoners use. Teachers are therefore right when they teach the use of such diagrams. This paper also argues that using tools that tap into our capacities to deal with a three-dimensional world will be even more effective and corroborates this argument with an experiment in which three-dimensional Venn diagrams were used to train high school pupils.
Descriptors: High School Students, High School Teachers, Logical Thinking, Critical Thinking, Visual Aids, Thinking Skills, Abstract Reasoning, Spatial Ability, Teaching Methods
Viterbo University. 900 Viterbo Drive, La Crosse, WI 54601. Tel: 608-796-3700; Web site: https://journal.viterbo.edu/index.php/atpp/index
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Evaluative
Education Level: High Schools; Secondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
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