With an emphasis on procedural fundamentals, the original behavior-analytic equivalence experiments and the equivalence paradigm are described briefly. A few of the subsequent developments and implications are noted, with special reference to the possible significance of the findings with respect to language and cognition. (Contains 9 figures.)

Field experiments offer the opportunity for hands on experience with the scientific process. While this is true of a wide variety of activities, many have pitfalls both experimental and logistical that reduce the overall rate of success, in turn, influencing student learning outcomes. Relying on small, territorial, diurnal lizards and an array of…

In this article, the authors introduce what they believe is an important distinction between teaching morality and teaching morally. In P-12 schools, the moral education debate often focuses on character education programs or other moral curricula. Such programs and curricula are championed as a means of teaching morality and transmitting moral…

Strong social skills are vital for successful functioning in life. Social skills can affect academic success, peer relationships, family relationships, employment, and extracurricular and leisure activities. Children and adolescents who display academic, social, and behavioral deficits are at risk for both short-term and long-term negative social…

Teacher technophobia is analyzed using an activity systems framework and we contend that technophobic teachers make the mistake of confusing and collapsing the tool into the object thereby figuratively altering the geometry of the classic activity system triangle. Three case studies of technophobic teachers are reviewed and compared with…

This paper explores L2 novices' ways of soliciting teacher attention, more specifically, their summonses. The data are based on detailed analyses of video recordings in a Swedish language immersion classroom. The analyses illuminate the lexical shape of summonses in conjunction with prosody, body posture, gestures, and classroom artefacts. As…

The authors have witnessed major changes in the preparation of special education personnel. Recent legislation, including the No Child Left Behind Act (2001) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (2004), has moved the concept of highly qualified teacher (HQT) to the national forefront. It seems reasonable that preservice…

The purpose of this study is to investigate patterns of linguistic communication in learning and teaching science and to find out how the formation of each pattern was related with the classroom, particularly in Korean middle school context. For this, we observed science classes in three middle schools in Seoul and collected data during lessons…

This monograph is intended to help special educators design social behavior curricula that teach alternative or replacement behaviors for negative behaviors to students with emotional/behavior disorders (E/BD). Each section contains a brief description of a behavior replacement technique, an explanation of why a particular technique works,…

A SET OF BEHAVIORAL PRINCIPLES USED IN INTELLECTUAL REHABILITATION OF A SMALL GROUP OF THIRD GRADERS WITH EDUCATIONAL AND RELATED BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS WAS EVALUATED. SUBJECTS SELECTED WERE EIGHT THIRD-GRADE STUDENTS AGED 8 TO 10, WHO WERE 1 YEAR BEHIND IN READING AS MEASURED BY A STANDARDIZED ACHIEVEMENT TEST AND 1 YEAR BEHIND IN EITHER SPELLING OR…

Three assessment instruments for disturbed children were developed: a 50-item behavior checklist which functioned as a screening device; a 124-item behavior rating scale which provided frequency measures on indices of the teacher's reaction and response to exhibited behaviors; and a behavioral observation form which recorded task-oriented behavior…

Briefly reviews the research literature concerning the overjustification effect. The effect describes the situation where positive reinforcement reduces one's intrinsic motivation for a behavior, thereby decreasing the probability that the behavior will be repeated. Notes the limitations of this explanation and recommends a broader representation…

As educators and practitioners continue to seek effective interventions to prevent dropout, they must focus on identifying, monitoring, and addressing risk factors that are influenced by teachers (e.g., academic performance, peer and adult interactions, attendance, and behavior). As a result, teachers' roles in dropout prevention are critical.…

Three-tiered models have been embraced by many schools to prevent and respond to antisocial behavior. However, many of these three-tiered models are incomplete or underdeveloped. Specifically, little attention has been devoted to studying how to (a) systematically identify students who require more focused secondary interventions and (b) build…

Social Stories[Trademark sign] have gained wide acceptance as an intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), yet extant research provides little empirical evidence in support of their efficacy. This study examines the use of Social Stories to target repetitive tapping behavior displayed by a child with ASD, moderate…