The use of matrix multiplication in the theory of Markov chains is demonstrated without directly discussing any probability theory. The technique that is developed is applied to ratio and mixture problems that are in changing states. (JP)

A discussion of the importance and procedures for including probability in the elementary through secondary mathematics curriculum is presented. Many examples and problems are presented which the author feels students can understand and will be motivated to do. Random digits, Monte Carlo methods, combinatorial theory, and Markov chains are…

Presents a sample of Probability Carnival activities and suggests how they might be adapted for the classroom. (KHR)

Discusses some key statistical concepts in probabilistic and non-probabilistic sampling to provide an overview for understanding the inference process. Suggests a statistical model constituting the basis of statistical inference and provides a brief review of the finite population descriptive inference and a quota sampling inferential theory.…

Discusses students' preconceptions of randomness and offers an alternative way to think about the concept using the idea of complexity. That is, the randomness of a sequence can be measured by the difficulty of encoding it. Methods of judging complexity and implications for teaching are discussed. (Contains 30 references.) (MKR)

How can teachers learn what they need to know? Every community of educators, regardless of field or specialization, can benefit from being well informed about current research findings. A considerable amount of mathematics education research exists to inform teachers and administrators about teaching and learning mathematics. Research can show…

This article is the third in a series on the teaching of sets and some of the reasons for doing so. A discussion is presented of the use of set language in teaching concepts from logic, probability and algebra. (JP)

This volume is based on a conference on the teaching of probability and statistics held in 1969 by the Comprehensive School Mathematics Program (CSMP) and the Central Midwestern Regional Educational Laboratory (CEMREL). The purpose of the conference was to study a broad range of opinion on the teaching of probability and statistics and to…

Identifies key questions concerning children's intuitions and conceptions of probabilistic notions. Research on the theoretical framework for probability studies, misconceptions and strategies, and pupil attainment is reviewed, and the methodology is evaluated. Finally, implications for classroom practice are discussed. (MNS)

This paper introduces the reader to the concepts of binomial probability and simulation. A spreadsheet is used to illustrate these concepts. Random number generators are great technological tools for demonstrating the concepts of probability. Ideas of approximation, estimation, and mathematical usefulness provide numerous ways of learning…

This book presents motivational ways to teach key concepts and topics common to all secondary mathematics curricula. It is arranged by subject matter which includes algebra, geometry, trigonometry, probability, statistics, and miscellaneous topics. The objective to be attained by implementing the unit on each of these subjects is stated, and the…

Several skills important to successful learning by discovery were found to be less essential to successful learning by rule. Results also supported the hypothesis that the outcome of discovery is the structural integration of previously known concepts, while the outcome of rule learning is the addition of new structure. (Authors)

Describes how three experiments suitable for upper-elementary students can be used to foster classroom discourse in which students begin to explore probability. (KHR)

Explores different types of Bingo games in which students can work on mental arithmetic, solve equations, and recognize geometric shapes. (KHR)