Writing teachers can use several techniques to focus student attention on revision and to guide students, revision processes. Asking students to make an outline of what they have already written (after the draft is complete, just before the conclusion is drafted, or when the writer is blocked and does not know what to write next) enables a writer…

An approach to evaluating student writing that emphasizes reformulation and deemphasizes grades teaches students that reworking their writing is a necessary and acceptable part of the writing process. Reformulation is divided into rewriting, revising, and editing. The instructor diagnoses student papers to determine significant problems on a…

This paper discusses the use of film in teaching the composing process to students. Beginning with a description of the composing process in general, it continues with a discussion of problem-solving, composing, and film, using "The Shopping Bag Lady" as an illustrative film. This is followed by a consideration of how to use film to generate form…

Uses a single language system--technical description--to illustrate how language systems can now be used as the basis for instruction in technical writing. Provides sample exercises in progressive teaching from simple description to complex continuity devices, showing how they can be used at all stages of the writing process. (HTH)

Describes a teacher's presentation in the classroom of the drafts, notes, outlines, and other artifacts from his own papers. Recommends that teachers show their students evidence of their own struggle with the writing process in order to encourage them and convince them that all writers hesitatingly begin with a mess. (JG)

Supports outlining as an invaluable tool for teaching students how to prepare to write on subjects of a logical nature and for analysis of writing of like kind. (RAE)

Categorizes the editorial changes on the transcripts of the William Haber Oral Biography Project to better understand how to adapt speech facility to writing. Discusses the implications for writing instruction in terms of voice, tense, and audience. (HTH)

Describes a "composing process paper" assignment designed to make students aware of their own writing processes and to teach important problem-solving skills. Provides a series of protocol questions students can discuss before writing descriptions of their individual writing processes. (HTH)

Proposes as a follow-up to an article on controlled composition for basic writers a necessary bridge between strict copying and independent composing. (HTH)

Students may copy words while being incapable of communicating through writing, a deficiency which may be identified using three techniques for analyzing generative writing samples: (1) interpretation of cluster errors, (2) differentiation of linguistic disability from symptomatic frustration, and (3) use of word restoration exercises. Samples of…

Addresses these questions in terms of the adult learner: (1) what is the relationship between writing and learning? (2) is the decline in writing skills a particular problem for the adult learner? (3) can writing be used as a teaching method to enhance learning? and (4) what are the implications for the adult educator? (JOW)

Outlines the stages of the composing process, differentiating between those of skilled and unskilled writers. Provides a list of suggestions for elementary school writing instruction. (HTH)

Discusses length and speed, spontaneity, and discipline as the attributes that affect creative writing assignments, students' development as creative writers, and appropriate methods of teaching creative writing. (RL)

Looks at an alternative method to linear notes for organizing thoughts when preparing a talk or paper. This method displays the manner in which the relationships of a subject are organized and offers a format for displaying complex inter-dependencies in place of linear notes. (Author/MER)

Encourages teachers to view writing as a process creating meaning, enabling the writer to come to grips with complex experience. (DD)