Teachers often call upon students to think independently, but may focus on student abilities at the expense of student willingness. The "situational leadership" model of management can successfully develop student independence in organizational communication courses. P. Hersey and K. H. Blanchard, who developed the model, call this…

It has been 25 years since the publication of J. B. Carroll's (1963) seminal work on the model of school learning (MSL) and its subsequent identification by B. S. Bloom (1968) as the theoretical basis underlying mastery learning. Carroll's model of school learning is a theoretical formulation asserting that the degree of learning attained on a…

This document summarizes five studies that offer insight into the nature of higher-order thinking skills and the most effective methods for teaching them to students. The reviews outline the conclusions, definitions, recommendations, specific methods of teaching, instructional strategies, and programs detailed in the documents themselves.…

A transitional model is put forth to facilitate the placement of preschool children with disabilities in their first elementary school environment. After an introductory chapter and conceptual overview, chapters cover planning, intervention, and follow-up, with program evaluation incorporated into each component. Appendices contain two transition…

This report reviews research on early childhood education and provides an annotated bibliography of key references. Sections focus on research on effective schooling, early childhood education, differential effects of program models and teaching practices, and congruence between the early childhood education research and the effective schooling…

Parent training goals, models, and predictors of effectiveness are examined with examples from three parent training models: (1) a combination of group sessions and intensive in-home consultation visits to prepare families receiving their child home again after residential treatment; (2) intensive in-home training intended to prevent residential…

The Effective Reading in Content Areas (ERICA) teaching model comprises four stages: preparing for reading, thinking through information, extracting and organizing information, and translating information. Aspects to consider in the first stage include the preparation of ideas, text, and vocabulary. Two strategies can be used to promote reflection…

Reading courses at the college level strive to improve advanced reading proficiency as well as basic reading skills. The use of a problem-solving model is one way to provide students with an organized approach to comprehending, investigating, and resolving problem statements. The problem-solving model begins with a problem statement provided by…

Although the current move away from sequential isolated skill and drill instruction in reading may be good, the growing concern to accommodate individual learner styles may lead to unnecessary complications if teachers attempt to adapt instruction to their more than 30 students each day. If an instructional program is rich enough, it will provide…

The article discusses the use of the Structure of Intellect (SOI) model as a basis for developing thinking abilities in a variety of curriculum areas: (1) the integration of subject matter areas and SOI operations; (2) thematic lessons that sequence specific cells of the SOI model; (3) directed teaching lessons to develop student awareness of…

Mass education in the United States from its inception was concerned with inculcating routine abilities, simple computation, reading basal texts, and reciting religious and civic codes. It did not take into consideration interpretation or creativity. Native Americans have had difficulty fitting into this mold of standardization. Traditional Native…

There has long been dispute in mathematics between the drill and practice orientation that focuses primarily on memorizing mathematics as meaningless rote algorithms and the approach based on understanding and making creative use of mathematics. This 25-chapter book, based on a 7-year study at the University of Illinois, seeks to explain and…

The William Perry model of learning is directly parallel to what has been learned about writing processes. He observed that the student is essentially a dualist who sees everything as right or wrong. This stance of absolute acceptance wavers when the student encounters varieties of or disagreements among truths, thus gradually evolving into the…

Acknowledging a growing national awareness of the need for direct instruction in higher order thinking skills within public education, this paper describes an instructional model for reinforcing thinking skills in the classroom, kindergarten through grade 12. Following an introduction justifying the model's reliance on the processing of…

To develop a conceptual framework for understanding the environmental variables that affect the impact of classroom television, the use of the instructional television series "ThinkAbout" (Agency for Instructional Television) was studied under natural classroom conditions using observations recorded as part of a series of studies…