The teacher of mathematics or science must be aware of the concepts, facts, and generalizations of his field, of psychological principles of learning, and of teaching methods. Methods appropriate to the teaching of concepts differ from methods for teaching generalizations. (SD)

Teaching is not an activity directly producing the learning of some specific matter (which is inadequate as a definition of teaching and incapable of being guaranteed), but an activity intentionally directed toward, and potentially capable of, improving the student's general intellectual functioning or "cognitive competence" in whatever…

Discusses the importance of developing students' understanding of certain spatial aspects of important concepts. Piaget's contributions to the development of spatial conceptualization are included. Some examples for applying spatial techniques in earth sciences, physics, and chemistry are also presented. (HM)

Ten nursery school children who knew how to count but were unacquainted with arithmetic were taught a simple algorithm for solving single-digit addition problems and were then given extended practice. The reaction time on the final block of extended practice suggested that subjects had invented a more efficient procedure to replace the original…

The author argues on theoretical grounds that not all "logical" pre-number activities are equally relevant for numeracy, and concludes with a practical suggestion for the kind of activity which does have particular relevance. (MN)

Two psychological theories which seem to have had a great impact on compensatory education programs are Skinnerian reinforcement theory and the cognitive developmental theory derived in part from Jean Piaget. The Englemann-Becker program is a typical example of the Programmed Curricular kind of program; the Florida Project, an Open Framework; and…

This article briefly describes Piaget's theory of periods of intellectual growth and the impact his theories have had in teacher training, research, mathematics teaching, textbook development and their use in the British Infant, Junior, and Secondary schools. For journal availability, see SO 506 042. (JK)

The goals and activities of the Orff-Schulwerk Approach and the Kodaly Method of music therapy are described; and the usefulness of each approach to develop creativity, social development, and cognitive ability in normal, gifted, and handicapped elementary level students is discussed. (SBH)

The author develops a four-stage model for concept-internalization. The stages are: (1) concrete structure; (2) linguistic structure; (3) algorithm; and (4) mastery. The model is related to teaching methods and the teaching of long division is examined in detail. (SD)

One type of conflict is controversy (disagreement), which is discussed as a teaching technique that can be used in the classroom. Five possible procedures are suggested for introducing it to students. For journal availability, see SO 504 878. (ND)

Taba objectives seek to modify teaching methods so that directive, teacher-dominated techniques, which encourage primarily the recall of cognitive information, are replaced by supportive instructional techniques, which encourage more complex levels of thinking such as drawing conclusions and inferences. (JD)

Argues that verbal and non-verbal cues initiated by science teachers affect students' willingness to explore their own ideas. States that changes in such teacher behaviors are necessary before the conceptual changes sought in science education can occur. (AEM)

Discusses responses to student questionnaires used to identify the effect of instructional strategies on study practices and attitudes towards biology. Concludes that while organized teaching has a stronger effect on study skills, teaching by enquiry has a stronger effect on curiosity and interest. (Author/CW)

Criticizes Madeline Hunter's teaching model emphasizing a perceived mechanistic and simplistic approach. Also stresses the ways the author feels the model negates the teaching of thinking skills. Attacks the scientific approach of Hunter's model, its philosophic perspective, and the training process. (MD)

A review of research on Direct Instruction in the United States and Australia indicates that the model consistently extends skills across the range of gifted to severely retarded learners. The demonstrated effectiveness of the model provides educators with a body of empirical data on which effective teaching strategies can be based. (Author/CB)