This article defines academic language by examining the central features of vocabulary, syntax, and discourse function. Examples of each feature are provided, as well as methods of identifying them in oral language and printed text. We describe a yearlong study that found teachers used different types of academic language based on instructional…

In this paper we shall first try to define the term "China English" (with our own definition of this term deliberated in the "Discussion" section) as a performance variety in the larger conceptualization of World Englishes. Following that, we will adduce some linguistic features of "China English" from the relevant…

The ability to make choices, plan, and self-evaluate are among the primary skills included in the development of self-determination. This study was designed to determine if a teaching paradigm, which incorporates key elements of self-determination, is as effective and more efficient in teaching syntax than a traditional, clinician-directed…

Syntax, or, loosely, sentence structure, is a major linguistic variable influencing the comprehensibility of every written sentence. This paper attempts to set forth the relationship between elements of syntax and reading comprehension as the classroom teacher might see them, and to propose a strategy, the Complete Linguistic Elements Paradigm…

This paper describes and discusses the University of Alaska's language programs for Eskimo-Aleut languages like Yupik and Inupiaq, offered through its Alaska Native Language Center. The paper is critical of the program's over-emphasis on the emphasis on teaching grammar and vocabulary. It argues that, though well intentioned when the framework for…

This paper seeks to define the program title "Basic Skills in Bilingual Education: Grammar and Pronunciation." The author considers the terms separately. Grammar and pronunciation should perhaps be defined as aural-oral skills to better specify what is involved. Various definitions of bilingual education are discussed, as are the linguistic and…