The idea of Digital Libraries emerged in the early 1990s from a vision of a "library of the future", without walls and open 24 hours a day. These digital libraries would leverage the substantial investments of federal funding in the Internet and advanced computing for the benefit of the entire population. The world's knowledge would be a key press…

Presents a conceptual model that hypothesizes how information technologies may assist in accomplishing two key functions of communication in research and development: (1) providing state-of-the-art information on the organizational technologies that are employed, and (2) facilitating coordination across technical specialties applied to the same…

Outlined is an approach to designing programs and institutions for the whole range of TETs (Technology Exchange Transactions) to serve particular developing nations, economic sectors, technical fields, or geographic regions. Personal factors such as needs, capabilities, and attitudes of the user, as well as formal economic and organizational…

This report describes the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) initiative of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology. This program is supportive of and coordinated with the National Information Infrastructure Initiative. Now halfway through its 5-year effort, the HPCC program counts among its…

This statement by Senator Albert Gore, Jr., on introduction of the Information Infrastructure and Technology Act of 1992 highlights examples of applications of high-performance computing, the components of the Information Infrastructure Development Program (i.e., education, libraries, manufacturing, and health care), and participating agencies. A…

Provides a brief history of the Internet revolving around four distinct aspects: (1) the technological evolution that began with early research on packet switching and the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) and continues to expand the infrastructure; (2) operations and management; (3) the social aspect; and (4) commercialization.…

The federal High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) program was created to accelerate the development of future generations of high performance computers and networks and the use of these resources in the federal government and throughout the American economy. This report describes the HPCC program which is developing computing,…

This Office of Technology Assessment report on the current state of research and development in the telecommunications industry in the United States examines four specific areas of research as case studies: computer architecture, artificial intelligence, fiber optics, and software engineering. It discusses the structure and orientation of some…

When planning or assessing formal scientific and technical information (STI) systems for research and development (R&D) laboratories, it is distorting and unhelpful to think in terms of "users" and "non-users." It is accurate and helpful to think in terms of services to informal groups--groups composed of both direct and indirect users. These…

This discussion of the progress made in the fields of technology and communications in India describes a number of government projects, leading manufacturers and industries, advances made in various areas, and the current status of information technologies in India. (CLB)

This paper examines the inter-relationship between recent developments in information technology and the planning for the evaluation of the Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) system. It argues that in the light of radical changes currently taking place in the networked information environment and user expectations, bold strategic…

Discussion of main areas and priorities for research and development and the scientific and technological infrastructure in Sri Lanka includes outline of history and main objectives of the Sri Lanka Scientific and Technical Information Center. Issues and problems in providing information are analyzed and possible solutions suggested. Seven sources…

This collection of statements focuses on Title 2 of S. 1067, which calls for the National Science Foundation to establish a National Research and Education Network (NREN) by 1996. This is one of several titles in a bill to provide for a coordinated federal research program to ensure continued U.S. leadership in high performance computing. The…

This document is the annual report prepared by the Interagency Working Group on Information Technology Research and Development of the National Science and Technology Council. This report is a Supplement to the President's fiscal year (FY) 2002 Budget that describes the Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD)…

Arguing in the introduction that designing information systems must involve the integration of social/organizational as well as technical activities, and assuming that the contribution of social scientists studying innovation will be enhanced through increased participation in the design process, this paper presents a case study in the generation…