This longitudinal study of robot programming in early childhood (ROPEC) was performed based on summative and formative assessments of the robotics program in kindergarten and year one of elementary school. The study aims to broaden our knowledge about children's understanding of programming, their confidence in ability to read and write programs,…

The objectives of the research were: 1) to develop the lesson plans for "Weight and Measurement" of Mathematics by using Problem-Based Learning on TPACK MODEL based on the efficiency of the process and the overall result (E1/E2) at the established criteria of 75/75; 2) to compare the students' learning achievement in "Weight and…

A contributing factor to the loss of play in many early childhood classrooms is a sharp separation between literacy learning as serious, even urgent, academic work and play as optional, socially-beneficial-at-best, fun. To recenter play in the academic curriculum, early childhood educators must not only demonstrate how play benefits the existing…

Young children develop understandings about literacy from birth through experiences of print in their home environments. Today, written text is often present in children's homes in both print and "digital" forms. What kind of technologies are young children accessing at home and for what purposes? This paper discusses research findings…

The purpose of this qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand the lived experiences of teachers in kindergarten through first grade utilizing digital technologies to engage elementary students during mathematics instruction. This phenomenological study was guided by the following research questions. (1) How do elementary…

This study aims to describe the level of digital literacy of elementary school teachers, especially in the technological dimension. Based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers, article 20 verse 2, teachers are required to be able to use technology that supports learning (from the aspects of…

The United States is home to a culturally and linguistically diverse population of young children. In 2017, 10% of U.S. learners came from homes where languages other than English are spoken. Students who are learning English in addition to their native language(s) have the opportunity to become bilingual or multilingual in school. Thus, rather…

A problem exists in southeastern United States where technology integration is limited in classrooms. Although researchers have found benefits for integrating technology, it was unknown why teachers were not integrating technology into instruction. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of teachers of…

IPAS ("Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial"/Natural and Social Sciences) constitutes essential subjects in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in primary schools. The primary goal of integrating IPAS is to enable students to effectively manage their natural and social environment as a whole. In light of this objective, the…

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated teacher collaboration in unprecedented ways, ensuring students continued to learn amid unforeseen obstacles. In this study, I explored how trust relationships were perceived within Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) and with building administrators during the COVID-19 pandemic using a theoretical framework…

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to determine if there was a correlation between the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) rating of teachers and the frequency of technology use in the classroom. Furthermore, the study identified the types of Internet-based applications used in primary classrooms and teachers' perception…

It is important that educators create a good basis for young students to develop their digital competence. This two-year case study aimed to find ways to foster the digital competence of young students in the early years of primary school education. The results show that spontaneous problems provided opportunities for students to show their…

The purpose of this study was to determine any differences between factors that may influence a teacher's self-efficacy regarding the implementation of technologies in kindergarten and first-grade classrooms. Specifically, this study analyzed the independent variables: age, number of years teaching, attitude toward technology, teachers'…

In this qualitative research study the researcher sought to identify effective elements of professional development that encourage technology adoption and purposeful technology integration by early elementary educators. Puentedura's (2014) Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redefinition (SAMR) model served as the framework for the…

This study examined how technology integration beliefs and practices of first and second grade teachers impacted their respective teaching practices. Technology is becoming more deeply integrated into US public school curricula, and it is therefore helpful to understand how teacher beliefs might affect how technology gets used within teaching…