The emerging field of nanotechnology has created a new frontier for the convergence of university and industrial research. In the United States, major federal investments provided a massive boom for this field over the decade. This paper reports on a case study of how the University at Albany came to establish the first college of nanotechnology…

The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is the U.S. Government's crosscutting program that coordinates Federal research and development (R&D) activities in nanoscale science, engineering, technology, and related efforts among various participating agencies. The Federal Government launched the NNI in FY 2001 with an initial $500 million…

Nanotechnology refers to the research and technology development at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular levels, in the length scale of approximately 1-100 nanometer range, that provides a fundamental understanding of phenomena and materials at the nanoscale and creates and use structures, devices, and systems that have novel properties and…

Discusses the enhancement of economic leadership by improving workers' skills, supporting research and development and encouraging investment that applies to technological innovations. Suggests a relationship between national rates of capital investment and increases in productivity and economic growth. (RT)

Presents a summary of recent ideas in the area of industrial innovation. Analyzes varying viewpoints on models of the processes of innovation and poses questions for future study, research, and policy formation. (ML)

Traces the growth and movement of Japanese research and technology efforts and achievements. Explains policies related to science and technology and examines resultant actions. Provides perspectives on the future direction and role of creativity in Japanese research. (ML)

This report reviews a joint attempt of the United States Forest Service and the Naval Service to enhance the utilization of research results and the new technologies through improved effectiveness of technology transfer efforts. It consists of an introduction by J. W. Creighton and seven papers: (1) "Management for Change" by P. A.…

Scientific and technical journals in biology and medicine in recent years have extensively covered a debate about whether and how to determine the function and order of human genes on human chromosomes and when to determine the sequence of molecular building blocks that comprise DNA in those chromosomes. In 1987, these issues rose to become part…

Reviews the scope and dimensions of engineering new surface technologies. Focuses specifically on thermochemical treatments. Identifies the more widely used thermochemical treatments and describes the nitrocarburising and bonding treatments in particular. (ML)

Outlines the history of government-to-government relations between United States and Japan. Discusses the reasons why there are so few American researchers in Japan, the interactions between the two countries' Research and Development systems by private industries, and the problem of access and the future of the relations. (YP)

Describes high-technology development in the People's Republic of China, including a brief history, a summary of current policy, and trends. Discusses the implications of the programs for the United States. (YP)

A study was done of the views of senior research managers in industry on the roles of business and universities in innovation, techical change, and competitiveness. This effort stemmed from an earlier set of roundtable discussions on university-industry research alliances and sought to add a stronger component of industrial views to an ongoing…

The issue brief discusses technological principles, issues, and design features discovered or used by projects funded by the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP). Information was obtained from interviews with project directors who were asked about their project experiences, the features and design principles essential to the success of…

Reports on aspects of technological change essential to economic progress in the United States. States that workers need to be more adaptable, research needs to be more focused, and managers need to be more open-minded. (RT)

Discusses cooperative research and development between the United States and Japan. Describes the mechanisms and misconceptions of the Japanese cooperative research system. Reports past experiences involving cooperation and gives some suggestions for future activities. (YP)