This report details recent advances in fermentation biotechnology as presented by speakers at the 27th International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Congress. Discussion centered around the use of bacteria, yeasts, and fungi as future sources of essential materials as food, fuel, and medicine. (BT)

Describes the strength in research and development and the technological leadership as factors dominating "postindustrial" country economy. Indicates that the United States future welfare will depend heavily upon technology, rather than an energy glut. (CC)

Describes controversial examples attributed to the pursuit of science and research activities conducted by the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory to solve present major physical problems. Indicates the necessity of convincing society that untrammeled investigation in science is the only path to derivation of practical public benefits. (CC)

Modern society should consider the social consequences of science and technology. Examples of problems which have recently arisen from the increased interdependence of technology and society include depletion of the ozone layer of the atmosphere by aerosol sprays, prolongation of life by artificial means, and rapidly increasing population due…