This study examines the relationship between digital citizenship practices (DCP) and online student behavior (OSB). This study investigates the mediating role of digital technology engagement and technology use in the relationship between DCP and OSB. This study used a sample of 551 students from various schools and universities in China, and the data was collected to analyzed using SmartPLS 4 and STATA 16. The Baron and Kenny mediation model was employed to validate the hypothesis that technology use and engagement act as mediators in the link between DCP and OSB. The findings indicate that the DCP significantly influence OSB. Moreover, technology engagement and technology use mediate the relationship between DCP and OSB. This study further contributes to the literature by examining the indirect impact between DCP and OSB through technology engagement and technology use. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that policymakers should implement comprehensive DCP in education and enhance technology involment through targeted program integration, career development for educators, and advance investments on digital equipment. These measures are fundamental for fostering responsible online students behavior and ensuring that students at all educational levels are equipped to navigate the digital industry effectively.