This paper evaluates the effects of federal initiatives in educational technology in elementary and secondary education over the past half-century. While federal resources have been diluted across many programs, this paper focuses on the few initiatives in which the federal role was substantial and integral. The findings from this paper have…

Identifies conditions under which interactive instructional television (IITV) is an appropriate choice of technology for delivering instruction in the K-12 school environment. Findings indicate that IITV is chosen as an instructional technology primarily as a mechanism for ensuring that rural students receive the same educational opportunities as…

Presents an analysis of three different Interactive Instructional Television (IITV) classroom system design applications. Findings indicate each IITV system design has its own set of defining characteristics; however, underlying these unique attributes some common elements are found that are fundamental to delivery of two-way audio and video IITV.…

Intended to assist faculty of the Eastern Iowa Community College in using the District Microwave Telecommunications System, this handbook includes the following: (1) a statement of the philosophy and intent of the system; (2) its long term goals; (3) general information on the televised interactive education (TIE) system; (4) keys to being an…

Cable television's local access option may be a way for colleges and universities to expand their media offerings. For example, some institutions are using cable capabilities to broadcast direct and inservice instruction or to provide hands-on training for broadcast students. A small private liberal arts college in Iowa successfully uses cable…

Varied aspects of adult learning and media use are discussed in three papers. In the first, "Adult Learning and Television," a summary of concerns about the negative influences of commercial television viewing and criticisms of instructional television is followed by a discussion of the potential of new technologies for two-way…

This paper describes the courses and teaching strategies used for interactive television transmissions emanating from the University of Lowell (Massachusetts) and received by secondary and elementary schools. Five teaching strategies were employed: demonstration, activity-based instruction, team-teaching, discussion, and lecture. The modifications…

This paper describes the Instructional Television Fixed Service (ITFS) program, a closed-circuit educational television system in which classes originating on the California State University, Chico (CSUC) campus are simultaneously broadcast live to various ITFS sites within Northeastern California. Following an introduction, the first section…

New developments in technology, irrespective of the fields. These have a potential role to play in the field of education and training, especially distance education, to transform it into an interactive paradigm. These can provide education beyond the boundaries of a nation and/or state making it accessible to learners at their own pace. These are…

The planning and implementing of a rural instructional television fixed service (ITFS) distance education program at California State University-Fresno (CSUF) is described. The three important functions of establishing a distance education program within a learning institution are addressed: telecommunications networking, management…

The evaluation of instruction via distance learning at the high school and college level offers special challenges, particularly the evaluation of one-way video--two-way audio instructional programs. The role of the teacher is radically changed and teaching strategies and course design are particularly important in a distance leaning environment.…

This study compared teachers instructed in use of Landsat satellite maps through one-way television and simultaneous telephone group conferencing to another teacher group instructed directly. Thirty teachers of intermediate children in Edmonton and Sherwood Park, Alberta, received 5 hours of instruction about Landsat maps over a 2-week period;…

The history of instructional television, the development of the telecourse concept, current uses of instructional television, economic factors, and cooperative arrangements are considered. After the initial approach of presenting a professor lecturing as if before a class, producers of instructional television began to dramatize the subject, adopt…

Discusses instruction that occurs at a point distant from the location of the learner(s) with an interactive video and/or visual component. Stresses the need for developing such instructional capabilities for schools, businesses, and industries. Describes audio-graphic teleconferencing, microwave transmission, instructional television fixed…

With the advent of numerous Kansas two-way interactive television (ITV) clusters and compressed video sites, the state has set the standard in revolutionary communications methods in elementary and secondary education. Nine projects using ITV in Kansas are described. Most allow delivery of lessons to students in other communities or schools. The…