The paper reviews the history of Clarke School for the Deaf's early involvement in television captioning and explains the two systems used. The cable television distribution system is described along with technical aspects of the captioning process and equipment. (CL)

Procedures used in real-time (live) television captioning are reviewed, and aspects of the captioning process, such as time delay, use of verbatim captions, targeted reading rates, ways to indicate changes in speakers, and accuracy are considered. Use of real-time captioning in closed-caption television in the classroom is noted. (CL)

The author reviews the development of closed captioning television for hearing impaired persons and briefly considers the future of the service. (CL)

Video segments captioned at different speeds were shown to a group of 578 people (ages 8 to 80) who are deaf, hard of hearing, or typically hearing. The most comfortable speed was found to be about 145 words per minute (WPM), close to the 141 WPM mean rate actually found in television programs. (Author/CR)

Television viewing patterns of 120 deaf and hearing children in three age groups (grades three, six, and nine) were compared. Research results showed deaf children watched more television than hearing children at all ages. Deaf children were given more responsibility in choosing amounts of viewing. (Author)

Results of a survey completed by 2,232 hearing impaired persons using closed captioned TV systems indicated that most viewers are satisfied with the captions and with the close captioned programs which dominate their viewing time. News and movies were most frequently mentioned for programs which should be captioned. (CL)

A pilot project is described in which an introductory course in sign language was successfully taught to five groups of nondeaf persons in Vermont and New Hampshire via closed circuit television. (Author)

A study of the use of closed-captioned television as a medium for reading instruction with 41 intermediate aged deaf students indicated improvement in sight vocabulary retention, student motivation, and reading comprehension. Teachers indicated overall student satisfaction with the use of closed-captioned television compared to regular reading…

This study examined preferences of 207 deaf students and adults concerning video-captioning preferences using videodisc examples of various captioning-feature combinations. Results suggest that current features that should be retained include white letters and speaker-dependent placement, while new features that should be adopted include…

Originally part of a symposium on educational media for the deaf, the paper describes a project to utilize the Line 21 technique (a closed captioning device which, when fitted to television screens, permits captions to appear on the screen in programs so prepared) for real time, that is live television, captioning. (PHR)

Hearing impaired students (11 to 18 years old) who read at second, third, and fourth grade levels viewed five versions of three children's television programs. Results indicated that as the pattern of linguistic complexity of the captions increased, Ss' comprehension scores declined. (Author)

Reported are the findings of a comparative survey of 11 nations (Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Great Britain, Japan, and the United States) regarding their television services for hearing-impaired children and adults, and for parents with hearing-impaired children. (DLS)

The introduction of closed captioned television in 1980 allows hearing impaired persons to have access to television as a source of news and entertainment, to text services, cable TV programs, and home video movies. Data on closed captioning sources and programing are detailed. (Author/DB)

This study examined reactions of hearing college students to a popular TV program which addressed issues of pediatric cochlear implants. Following the program, students completed an attitude scale. Comparison with a control group found no significant differences in attitudes regarding pediatric cochlear implants. Both groups were neutral, or…

The article describes the use of the Dynamic Audio Video Instructional Device (DAVID), designed to provide receptive sign language practice via interactive television for the staff at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf. Examples of lessons are presented to illustrate principles of interactive computer assisted video instructional…