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Download full textMartin, Florence; Bolliger, Doris U.; Flowers, Claudia – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2021
Course design is critical to online student engagement and retention. This study focused on the development and validation of an online course design elements (OCDE) instrument with 38 Likert-type scale items in five subscales: (a) overview, (b) content presentation, (c) interaction and communication, (d) assessment and evaluation, and (e) learner…
Descriptors: Instructional Design, Online Courses, Likert Scales, Test Construction
Polat, Elif; Hopcan, Sinan; Yahs, Ömer – International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2022
Readiness is important for the success of the e-learning process. The purpose of this study was twofold: to develop a scale to measure K-12 teachers' e-learning readiness, and to examine their readiness to teach online. The participants were 3,295 K-12 teachers working in Izmir, Turkey. First EFA, then CFA-SEM was performed. Additionally,…
Descriptors: Elementary School Teachers, Secondary School Teachers, Readiness, Electronic Learning
