Empathy has been linked to therapeutic alliance and positive client outcomes. However, the operationalization of empathy varies in definition and measurement, presenting challenges for assessment. This study describes the formulation of the Empathic Counselor Response Scale (ECRS), examines scale properties using Rasch analysis, and considers…

This study outlines the initial development and validation of a set of scales designed to detect noncontent responding on the Basic Personality Inventory. Of the scales, the Consistency Scale and the infrequent Triplets Scale were the most effective in detecting partially random protocols. These two scales would be the most effective in applied…

The Culture-Free Self-Esteem Inventories for first grade and over was designed to assess children's and adults' self-esteem. It consists of four self-esteem scores for children (general, social, academic, and parental) and three for adults (general, social, and personal). A Lie subscale is included to ascertain defensiveness and the possibility…

Outlines the development of a new interest inventory based on the RIASEC (Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional) model. Rigorous development procedures and outcomes of a large validation study attest to the inventory's validity and reliability; it was found to be psychometrically sound and systematically correlated…

Describes the development of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Details revisions in the MMPI and then evaluates positive and negative features of these revisions in the light of construct validity and professional practice. Argues that many suggested refinements to the instrument are being actively investigated by its…