This study aimed to develop a scale to assess counselors' ability to provide counseling to address the mental health impacts of climate change. Over three studies, we provide reliability and validity evidence for a Climate Change Counseling Scale (3CS) in a large representative sample of counselors across the US. In study one and two, an…

We developed a 54-item inventory to measure counselors' multicultural and social justice counseling competence. We posited a confirmatory factor analysis model using the structure of the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies and found the fit indices to be within acceptable ranges, indicating overall good model fit.

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an emerging research approach with the aim of increasing sampling of diverse populations in studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of scores on the CBPR Knowledge Self-Assessment Scale (CBPR-KSAS) using Rasch analysis. The scale was completed by 204…

The Counseling Training Environment Scale (CTES) was developed as a self-report measure that assesses the training environment of counseling and related programs. The authors describe the multiphase mixed-methods design used to create and psychometrically evaluate the CTES and present findings that support initial validation and usability of the…

The Political Identity and Relational Impact Scale (PIRI) is a self-report scale of personal and relational responses to political conflict. This article describes the development and exploratory factor analysis of the scale. The selected model consists of 30 items and a four-factor structure with high internal consistency.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Counselor Self-Reflection Inventory (CSRI) from a Transformative Learning Theory framework for counselors, and counselors-in-training to use in clinical and training settings. Method: A sample of 351, mostly female (86.89%), white (85.19%), counselors with MS or MA (88.08%)…

Empathy for mental health professionals is often inferred from dispositional assessments that misrepresent the temporal, contextual, and multidimensional nature of empathy. This article presents the State-Interpersonal Reactivity Index, a multidimensional assessment of in-session empathy for mental health professionals. Results suggest good…

We develop the Trait Sources of Spirituality Scale (TSSS), which assesses experiences of closeness to the sacred, within and outside a religious tradition. After using factor analysis to finalize the scale, we examine evidence of construct validity, including latent profile analysis that reveals 5 patterns of how spirituality is experienced.

This paper summarizes the development and validation of the Revised Affirmative to Problem Parenting Scale (R-APPS) using a sample of 643 adults with disabilities. Results of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlations, and reliability estimates reveal sound psychometric structure for a 4-factor scale distinguishing…

The authors present the development and examination of the "Client Assessment of Multicultural Competent Behavior" (CAMCB) scores. The CAMCB was designed to measure therapists' multicultural competent behaviors within the context of therapeutic process, from clients' perspective. In this article, three-phases of the study are presented…

This study provided preliminary evidence for a new Social Media Identity Distress Scale (SMIDS) using two subsamples of emerging adults (18-25 years of age) from Amazon Turk (each n = 373). The factor analysis revealed a single-factor scale explaining 72.9% of the variance in the items and supported a 20-item version of the original 66-item…

Using a multiphased and mixed method approach to instrument development, the ISS-C was composed of 16 items extracted into four factors, which demonstrated adequate model fit. The ISS-C scores showed good internal consistency, convergent validity, and temporal stability, while some aspects of discriminant validity remain suboptimal.

Many researchers assessing counselor empathy have inferred state-specific counselor empathy in a counseling session using trait empathy assessments. This article introduces the State-Empathic Concern Scale, a state-specific assessment of counselor empathy based on Davis's (1994) multidimensional empathy model. Results indicated moderate to strong…

Empathy has been linked to therapeutic alliance and positive client outcomes. However, the operationalization of empathy varies in definition and measurement, presenting challenges for assessment. This study describes the formulation of the Empathic Counselor Response Scale (ECRS), examines scale properties using Rasch analysis, and considers…

This study describes the development and initial testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale (MCHS), a counselor-report scale to measure a counselor's cultural humility, with a sample of 861 participants. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal reliability coefficients revealed evidence for the…