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Direct linkBarghaus, Katherine; Fantuzzo, John; LeBoeuf, Whitney; Henderson, Cassandra; Li, Feifei; McDermott, Paul – Early Education and Development, 2017
Research Findings: The aim of this study was to provide an initial investigation into the psychometric properties of the Problems in Classroom Engagement Scale (PCES). The PCES was designed and tested for district-wide use as part of the report card system for a large urban school district. The PCES was administered to all 1st-, 2nd-, and…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Learner Engagement, Program Validation, Psychometrics
Download full textMarsh, Herbert W. – 1984
Negative item bias is produced by the inability of preadolescent children to respond appropriately to negatively worded items on rating scales, and is hypothesized to be a cognitive-developmental phenomenon. The effect is examined with responses to the Self Description-Questionnaire (SDQ), a multifactor self-concept instrument. In study 1,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Correlation, Elementary Education, Factor Structure
