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Zesch, Torsten; Horbach, Andrea; Zehner, Fabian – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2023
In this article, we systematize the factors influencing performance and feasibility of automatic content scoring methods for short text responses. We argue that performance (i.e., how well an automatic system agrees with human judgments) mainly depends on the linguistic variance seen in the responses and that this variance is indirectly influenced…
Descriptors: Influences, Academic Achievement, Feasibility Studies, Automation
Vahe Permzadian; Kit W. Cho – Teaching in Higher Education, 2025
When administering an in-class exam, a common decision that confronts every instructor is whether the exam format should be closed book or open book. The present review synthesizes research examining the effect of administering closed-book or open-book assessments on long-term learning. Although the overall effect of assessment format on learning…
Descriptors: College Students, Tests, Test Format, Long Term Memory
Ben Backes; James Cowan – Grantee Submission, 2024
We investigate two research questions using a recent statewide transition from paper to computer-based testing: first, the extent to which test mode effects found in prior studies can be eliminated in large-scale administration; and second, the degree to which online and paper assessments offer different information about underlying student…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Test Format, Differences, Academic Achievement
Ben Backes; James Cowan – Applied Measurement in Education, 2024
We investigate two research questions using a recent statewide transition from paper to computer-based testing: first, the extent to which test mode effects found in prior studies can be eliminated; and second, the degree to which online and paper assessments offer different information about underlying student ability. We first find very small…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Test Format, Differences, Academic Achievement
Robert N. Prince – Numeracy, 2025
One of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic was the rapid shift to replacing traditional, paper-based tests with their computer-based counterparts. In many cases, these new modes of delivering tests will remain in place for the foreseeable future. In South Africa, the National Benchmark Quantitative Literacy (QL) test was impelled to make this…
Descriptors: Benchmarking, Numeracy, Multiple Literacies, Paper and Pencil Tests
Wenzel, Kristin; Schweppe, Judith; Rummer, Ralf – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
The present work was conducted to re-examine the findings of Agarwal et al. ("Applied Cognitive Psychology," 22(7), 861-876, 2008), which showed that both closed-book tests (with feedback) and open-book tests increased learning outcomes after 1 week compared to simple re-study of the same materials. However, contrary to often found…
Descriptors: Test Format, Memory, Outcomes of Education, Academic Achievement
Spiegel, Tali; Nivette, Amy – Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 2023
This study investigates the relationship between take-home (open-book) examinations (THE) and in-class (closed-book) examinations (ICE) on academic performance and student wellbeing. Two social science courses (one bachelor and one master) were included in the study. In the first cohort (2019), students from both courses performed an ICE, whereas…
Descriptors: Test Format, Tests, Academic Achievement, Retention (Psychology)
Benjamin Sorenson; Kenneth Hanson – Journal of Chemical Education, 2023
In spring 2020, the chemical education community faced an abrupt transition from in-person to online classes, which also necessitated online assessments. Building upon an existing three-semester study (F17, S19, and F19) using Rasch modeling and classical testing theory to improve in-person multiple choice exams, this study investigates the impact…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Study, Chemistry, COVID-19, Pandemics
Guo, Wenjing; Wind, Stefanie A. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2021
The use of mixed-format tests made up of multiple-choice (MC) items and constructed response (CR) items is popular in large-scale testing programs, including the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and many district- and state-level assessments in the United States. Rater effects, or raters' scoring tendencies that result in…
Descriptors: Test Format, Multiple Choice Tests, Scoring, Test Items
Opstad, Leiv; Pettersen, Ivar – Educational Process: International Journal, 2022
Background/purpose: Home-based exams were introduced during COVID-19 with an open-book format and limited control over dishonest student behavior. Such exams were used in lieu of traditional, closed-book school-based exams as a necessity due to the pandemic. This article investigates whether or not students' grades from home-based assessment exams…
Descriptors: Home Study, Tests, COVID-19, Pandemics
Jeremy L. Hsu; Noelle Clark; Kate Hill; Melissa Rowland-Goldsmith – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2023
Nearly all undergraduate biology courses rely on quizzes and exams. Despite their prevalence, very little work has been done to explore how the framing of assessment questions may influence student performance and affect. Here, we conduct a quasi-random experimental study where students in different sections of the same course were given…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Biology, Science Education, Test Construction
Selcuk Acar; Yuyang Shen – Journal of Creative Behavior, 2025
Creativity tests, like creativity itself, vary widely in their structure and use. These differences include instructions, test duration, environments, prompt and response modalities, and the structure of test items. A key factor is task structure, referring to the specificity of the number of responses requested for a given prompt. Classic…
Descriptors: Creativity, Creative Thinking, Creativity Tests, Task Analysis
Araneda, Sergio; Lee, Dukjae; Lewis, Jennifer; Sireci, Stephen G.; Moon, Jung Aa; Lehman, Blair; Arslan, Burcu; Keehner, Madeleine – Education Sciences, 2022
Students exhibit many behaviors when responding to items on a computer-based test, but only some of these behaviors are relevant to estimating their proficiencies. In this study, we analyzed data from computer-based math achievement tests administered to elementary school students in grades 3 (ages 8-9) and 4 (ages 9-10). We investigated students'…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Academic Achievement, Computer Assisted Testing, Mathematics Achievement
Luisa Fernanda Manrique Molina; William Fernando Durán; Carlos Augusto Valencia – Journal of International Education in Business, 2024
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to generate knowledge about assessment methods in blended business education, which have become increasingly important to establish sustainable assessment practices that support knowledge acquisition for undergraduate students in business administration at a Colombian university. Design/methodology/approach:…
Descriptors: Marketing, Business Administration Education, Reading Comprehension, Mathematics Skills
National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2025
Also known as The Nation's Report Card, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is the largest nationally representative and continuing assessment of student achievement and their learning experiences in various subjects for the nation, states, and 27 urban districts. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is currently…
Descriptors: National Competency Tests, Innovation, Futures (of Society), Achievement Tests