Views on testing--its purpose and uses and how its data are analyzed--are related to one's perspective on test takers. Test takers can be viewed as learners, examinees, or contestants. I briefly discuss the perspective of test takers as learners. I maintain that much of psychometrics views test takers as examinees. I discuss test takers as a…

Presented is a summary of an Educational Testing Service (ETS) review of mean scores on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) of candidates for graduate study in science and engineering fields for the period 1970-1975. Test results were found to have remained essentially stable over the period within each particular field. Significant differences…

This article is a brief summary of "The Standardized Test Scores of College Graduates, 1964-1982," a study sponsored by the National Institute of Education (NIE), which pulls together scores on a variety of examinations as well as student background information. Over the past two decades the test scores of college graduates have…

Confirmatory multidimensional item response theory (CMIRT) was used to assess the structure of the Graduate Record Examination General Test, about which much information about factorial structure exists, using a sample of 1,001 psychology majors taking the test in 1984 or 1985. Results supported previous findings that, for this population, there…

The three papers provided here were presented at the GRE Board Research Seminar: (1) "Background, Purpose, and Scope of the GRE Board Research Program" by Bryce Crawford, Jr.; (2) "Predicting Success in Graduate Education" by Warren W. Willingham; and (3) "Research on Testing and the Minority Student" by Ronald L.…

This study was undertaken to determine whether additional information useful for guidance or placement could be derived from the existing Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) Advanced Psychology Test. The number of subscores currently reported is limited by the high reliability required to make admissions decisions; subscores used only for guidance…

Evidence on how the psychometric properties of verbal and quantitative academic aptitude tests are affected when item options are weighted using rather simple conceptual procedures is presented. This is discussed in connection with the scoring methods used on the Graduate Record Examinations. (DG)

This manual supplements previous guides to the use of the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE). It provides sufficient detailed information about the GREs to permit measurement specialists and institutional researchers, as well as faculty members and administrators, to understand the development of the tests and to evaluate their usefulness.…

Normative data were obtained on the performance of first-year graduate students on the Aptitude Test and Advanced Tests of the Graduate Record Examinations. The population consisted of students enrolled as full-time graduate students for the first time in the fall of 1964 in a college or university belonging to the Council of Graduate Schools…

This paper describes several situations in which generalization of statistical results is not possible by representative sampling but which is attempted using corrections for selection of groups. The situations include hiring, admissions, differential classification, guidance, test score equating, and test score scaling. Evidence of inaccuracies…

After adjusting for different background characteristics of students, effects on test scores were related to the length and type of test coaching programs offered. The data suggest that the test item types in the Graduate Record Examination General Test appear to show little susceptibility to formal coaching experiences. (Author/DWH)

During the 1981-82 testing year, foreign nationals representing over 140 countries or territories made up approximately 17 percent of all Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) General Test takers. Most of these examinees were non-native speakers of English for whom average scores on the verbal and analytical measures were considerably lower than…

The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) program is described in this article from the standpoint of the policy-making and administrative arrangement which provide the context within which the Advanced Literature and 22 other similar tests exist. The development and dissemination of the Advanced Tests is outlined. A discussion of policy-making and…

Linear and equipercentile equating conversions were developed for two forms of the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) quantitative test and the verbal-plus-quantitative test. From a very large sample of students taking the GRE in October 1981, subpopulations were selected with respect to race, sex, field of study, and level of performance (defined…

This paper discusses the relationship between language proficiency and intelligence. In particular, the paper is concerned with the elements of intelligence testing which creep into tests designed to determine language proficiency, and the proliferation of testing of all types and the kinds of interpretations made of these tests. Particular…