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Vaughn, Brandon K.; Wang, Qiu – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2010
A nonparametric tree classification procedure is used to detect differential item functioning for items that are dichotomously scored. Classification trees are shown to be an alternative procedure to detect differential item functioning other than the use of traditional Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression analysis. A nonparametric…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Classification, Nonparametric Statistics, Regression (Statistics)
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Lee, Young-Sun; Wollack, James A.; Douglas, Jeffrey – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2009
The purpose of this study was to assess the model fit of a 2PL through comparison with the nonparametric item characteristic curve (ICC) estimation procedures. Results indicate that three nonparametric procedures implemented produced ICCs that are similar to that of the 2PL for items simulated to fit the 2PL. However for misfitting items,…
Descriptors: Nonparametric Statistics, Item Response Theory, Test Items, Simulation
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Penfield, Randall D. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2008
The examination of measurement invariance in polytomous items is complicated by the possibility that the magnitude and sign of lack of invariance may vary across the steps underlying the set of polytomous response options, a concept referred to as differential step functioning (DSF). This article describes three classes of nonparametric DSF effect…
Descriptors: Simulation, Nonparametric Statistics, Item Response Theory, Computation
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Cui, Zhongmin; Kolen, Michael J. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2008
This article considers two methods of estimating standard errors of equipercentile equating: the parametric bootstrap method and the nonparametric bootstrap method. Using a simulation study, these two methods are compared under three sample sizes (300, 1,000, and 3,000), for two test content areas (the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills Maps and Diagrams…
Descriptors: Test Length, Test Content, Simulation, Computation
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Emons, Wilco H. M. – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2008
Person-fit methods are used to uncover atypical test performance as reflected in the pattern of scores on individual items in a test. Unlike parametric person-fit statistics, nonparametric person-fit statistics do not require fitting a parametric test theory model. This study investigates the effectiveness of generalizations of nonparametric…
Descriptors: Simulation, Nonparametric Statistics, Item Response Theory, Goodness of Fit
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Sijtsma, Klaas; Hemker, Bas T. – Psychometrika, 1998
The absence of the invariant item ordering (IIO) property in two nonparametric polytomous item response theory (IRT) models is discussed, and two nonparametric models are discussed that imply an IIO. Only two parametric polytomous IRT models are found to imply an IIO. A method is proposed to investigate whether an IIO is implied with empirical…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Models, Nonparametric Statistics, Test Items
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Douglas, Jeff – Psychometrika, 1997
Explores the asymptotic theory of a method of nonparametric item characteristic curve estimation based on kernel smoothing with the theory of obtaining the proper linear ordering of examinees with respect to their true latent abilities. Results support the usefulness of estimates of the type produced by the TESTGRAF program. (SLD)
Descriptors: Ability, Estimation (Mathematics), Nonparametric Statistics, Reliability
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Zhang, Jinming; Stout, William – Psychometrika, 1999
Investigates the structure of item-pair conditional covariances given a unidimensional latent composite using a generalized semiparametric-modeling approach. Conditional covariances are shown to be highly informative about the latent dimensionality required to achieve local independence. Uses the new approach to justify the DIMTEST procedure. (SLD)
Descriptors: Equations (Mathematics), Item Response Theory, Models, Nonparametric Statistics
Meijer, Rob R.; Sijtsma, Klaas – 1994
Methods for detecting item score patterns that are unlikely (aberrant) given that a parametric item response theory (IRT) model gives an adequate description of the data or given the responses of the other persons in the group are discussed. The emphasis here is on the latter group of statistics. These statistics can be applied when a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Identification, Item Response Theory, Nonparametric Statistics
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Meijer, Rob R.; Sijtsma, Klaas – Applied Measurement in Education, 1995
Methods for detecting item score patterns that are unlikely, given that a parametric item response theory model gives an adequate description of the data or given the responses of other persons in the group, are discussed. The use of person-fit statistics in empirical data analysis is briefly discussed. (SLD)
Descriptors: Identification, Item Response Theory, Nonparametric Statistics, Patterns in Mathematics
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Hemker, Bas T.; And Others – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1995
An automated item selection procedure for selecting unidimensional scales of polytomous items from multidimensional data sets is developed for use in the context of the item response theory model of monotone homogeneity of R. J. Mokken. The procedure is based on the selection procedure proposed by Mokken (1971). (SLD)
Descriptors: Item Banks, Item Response Theory, Nonparametric Statistics, Scaling
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Karabatsos, George; Sheu, Ching-Fan – Applied Psychological Measurement, 2004
This study introduces an order-constrained Bayes inference framework useful for analyzing data containing dichotomous scored item responses, under the assumptions of either the monotone homogeneity model or the double monotonicity model of nonparametric item response theory (NIRT). The framework involves the implementation of Gibbs sampling to…
Descriptors: Inferences, Nonparametric Statistics, Item Response Theory, Data Analysis
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Bolt, Daniel M.; Gierl, Mark J. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2006
Inspection of differential item functioning (DIF) in translated test items can be informed by graphical comparisons of item response functions (IRFs) across translated forms. Due to the many forms of DIF that can emerge in such analyses, it is important to develop statistical tests that can confirm various characteristics of DIF when present.…
Descriptors: Regression (Statistics), Tests, Test Bias, Test Items
Lyu, C. Felicia; And Others – 1995
A smoothed version of standardization, which merges kernel smoothing with the traditional standardization differential item functioning (DIF) approach, was used to examine DIF for student-produced response (SPR) items on the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) I mathematics test at both the item and testlet levels. This nonparametric technique avoids…
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Item Bias, Mathematics Tests, Multiple Choice Tests
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Cliff, Norman; And Others – Applied Psychological Measurement, 1988
A method for ordering persons and items when all responses are ordinal was developed and applied to several sets of questionnaire data (from undergraduates) and one set of archeological data. The method provides a possible nonparametric treatment of data usually treated by more traditional psychometric methods. (SLD)
Descriptors: Archaeology, Data Analysis, Data Collection, Higher Education
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