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Download full textAttali, Yigal – ETS Research Report Series, 2007
This study examined the construct validity of the "e-rater"® automated essay scoring engine as an alternative to human scoring in the context of TOEFL® essay writing. Analyses were based on a sample of students who repeated the TOEFL within a short time period. Two "e-rater" scores were investigated in this study, the first…
Descriptors: Construct Validity, Computer Assisted Testing, Scoring, English (Second Language)
Peer reviewedStansfield, Charles W.; Ross, Jacqueline – Language Testing, 1988
Outlines research necessary for determining the validity and reliability of Test of Written English, an essay test that directly measures writing ability and complements Test of English-as-a-Foreign-Language's (TOEFL) indirect assessment of writing skills. Research should cover such aspects as construct, criterion-related, concurrent, content, and…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Essay Tests, Language Research, Language Tests
Carlson, Sybil B.; Camp, Roberta – 1985
This paper reports on Educational Testing Service research studies investigating the parameters critical to reliability and validity in both the direct and indirect writing ability assessment of higher education applicants. The studies involved: (1) formulating an operational definition of writing competence; (2) designing and pretesting writing…
Descriptors: College Entrance Examinations, Computer Assisted Testing, English (Second Language), Essay Tests
