In this study, the extent to wording effects impact structure and factor loadings, internal consistency and measurement invariance was outlined. The modified form, which includes items that semantically reversed, explains %21.5 more variance than the original form. Also, reversed items' factor loadings are higher. As a result of CFA, indexes…

Background: Although the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Short Form (DASS-21) was developed for adults, its authors noted no compelling reasons to not use the measure with youth as young as 12 years. Despite increasingly widespread use with youth, psychometric evidence in support of its use with this population needs to be investigated to fully…

Human pro-environmental behavior in the private sphere is an important factor which influences nature and the environment and thus can contribute to the management of environmental problems. Although there are a variety of self-reported measurement tools for pro-environmental behavior, an established and validated measurement instrument for…

Disengagement is considered a significant component that affects the success, participation, and activity of the students in the online course. Reviewing the literature revealed the lack of a measurement tool for assessing students' disengagement in online courses. This study aimed to develop a scale that examines student disengagement in online…

The study examined the psychometric structure of Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S) with a sample of 495 college students. It compared the original 21-item version (Gagné, 2003) with the shortened 16-item version (Johnston & Finney, 2010), both with and without method effects. A series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA)…

Purpose: We developed the Goal Achievement Scale in Colleges of Education (GASCE) to address the lack of context-specific assessment tools for evaluating goal achievement in Nigerian colleges of education. Existing instruments fail to capture the unique challenges of these institutions, making a reliable and valid scale essential for assessing…

This study aimed to adapt and examine the cross-cultural validity and reliability of the Coping with "Children's Negative Emotions Scale -- Teacher Version" (CNNES-T), which assesses the levels of early childhood (EC) teachers' perception of their reactions towards young children's negative emotions. For this purpose, two studies were…

A full structural equation model (SEM) typically consists of both a measurement model (describing relationships between latent variables and observed scale items) and a structural model (describing relationships among latent variables). However, often researchers are primarily interested in testing hypotheses related to the structural model while…

Bullying is a form of school violence that has recently received the attention of school psychologists. One of these problems that exists in almost all schools is the phenomenon of school bullying. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric reliability and validity of the Participant Role Scale in bullying in Persian and compare the…

This empirical investigation examined the cross-cultural usefulness of a measure of creative potential, namely the short form of the Runco Ideational Behavior Scale (RIBS). The RIBS has been used in several investigations and existing data show it to be a reliable criterion measure, usually with a two-factor structure. Scores from the RIBS…

The RizbA scale combines psychometrics and art theory and enables a measurement of pictorial expression. This study explores its factor structure and a potential gap between theory and empirics. A sample of 275 pictorial works by artists and nonprofessionals was rated by 179 art experts. Three CFA path models were specified: models A and B based…

Cultural variations in affective experiences are observed. Research on positive affect with refined categorizations has been limited. This study examined the Affect Valuation Theory and its measure, the Affect Valuation Index (AVI), using a sample of high school students from rural China (N = 676, M[subscript age] = 16.17 years, SD = 0.94). The…

The purpose of this research is to create a reliable and valid scale to assess AIlessphobia in Education (the fear of being without Artificial Intelligence in education) among university students. In three phases, a sample of 1378 undergraduate students from different faculties at a public university participated in the reliability and validity…

The purpose of this study is to identify which scale short-form development method produces better findings in different factor structures. A simulation study was designed based on this purpose. Three different factor structures and three simulation conditions were selected. As the findings of this simulation study, the model-data fit and…

The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) measures a wide range of personality traits associated with affect and temperament. However, the lengthy administration time may have hindered its widespread use in personality research. The National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) has adapted a short version of the…