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Direct linkSandilands, Debra; Oliveri, Maria Elena; Zumbo, Bruno D.; Ercikan, Kadriye – International Journal of Testing, 2013
International large-scale assessments of achievement often have a large degree of differential item functioning (DIF) between countries, which can threaten score equivalence and reduce the validity of inferences based on comparisons of group performances. It is important to understand potential sources of DIF to improve the validity of future…
Descriptors: Validity, Measures (Individuals), International Studies, Foreign Countries
