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Black Students2
Disadvantaged Youth2
Pupil Personnel Services2
Test Reliability2
Test Validity2
Testing2
Testing Programs2
Intelligence Tests1
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Counseling Psychologist2
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Gunnings, Thomas S.1
Williams, Robert L.1
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Response to Critics of Robert L. Williams
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Gunnings, Thomas S. – Counseling Psychologist, 1971
The author stands with others writers who would drastically revamp testing programs or eliminate tests completely for Black students on grounds of cultural discrimination. (BY)
Descriptors: Black Students, Disadvantaged Youth, Pupil Personnel Services, Test Reliability
Abuses and Misuses in Testing Black Children
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Williams, Robert L. – Counseling Psychologist, 1971
The author concludes that one strategy for improving or changing the educational system would be to change the content of the tests as a way of bringing about educational reforms in the system. This effort might bring about a greater similarity between the predictor (tests) and the criterion (scholastic achievement). (Author)
Descriptors: Black Students, Disadvantaged Youth, Intelligence Tests, Pupil Personnel Services