This article focuses on the validity of the students' attitudes toward mathematics scale based on data from TIMSS 2019. The scale has been reported as having a three-factor structure for decades, but this study assumes the validity can appear differently depending on the country or culture. Thus, the scale should first be checked for invariance…

Learning approaches are assumed as the utmost important aspect in all academic proceedings. With the identification of students' learning approaches, relevant institutes can devise appropriate instructional strategies. Many models have been used to explore learning approaches and styles among students, but mostly in the developed world. Literature…

The rapid shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to equip future educators with essential skills for an online learning environment. This study aims to address this gap by developing and validating a scale to measure pre-service teacher competency in an online learning context using the scenario method. After a…

Dynamic assessments (DAs) of word reading skills demonstrate strong criterion reference validity with word reading measures (WRMs). However, DAs vary in the skills they assess, their format and administration method, and the type of words and symbols used in test items. These characteristics may have implications on assessment validity. To compare…

Retrospective alcohol use data are prone to recall bias, a limitation that could be addressed with real-time ecological momentary assessment (EMA) tools. We aimed to (1) introduce a simple (single-click) EMA methodology for collecting real-time alcohol use data, and (2) investigate the EMA methodology's performance relative to established alcohol…

The National Matriculation English Test (NMET), also known as the Gaokao English Examination, is a high-stakes, large-scale selection test for tertiary education in China, with numerous provinces and regions adopting the standardized national test papers. The validity of the NMET has garnered extensive attention. To verify the NMET's validity, it…

Evaluating digital competencies has become a topic of growing interest in recent years. Although several reviews and studies have summarized the main elements of progress and shortcomings in this area, some issues are yet to be explored. Very little information is available about the ways of ensuring the validity and reliability of the instrument…

The aim of this paper is to describe the process of modification of the research tool designed for measuring the development of personal epistemology--"Standardized Epistemological Understanding Assessment" (SEUA). SEUA was constructed as an improved version of the instrument initially proposed by Kuhn et al. SEUA was proved to be a more…

The study aims to develop and validate an affordable and generalizable survey design tool to measure pre-service EFL teachers' self-efficacy beliefs about cultural and linguistic diversity. It is significant as there are relatively low number of studies aiming to measure such beliefs in today's changing demographic conditions which are beyond its…

The study aimed to explore the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale for Children with Disabilities (FRAS-CWD). Due to the complexity of family resilience and the particularity of disabilities, there is a lack of reliable and valid tools to evaluate family resilience for…

Academic procrastination, the tendency to delay academic tasks without reasonable justification, has significant implications for students' academic performance and overall well-being. To measure this construct, numerous scales have been developed, among which the Academic Procrastination Scale (APS) has shown promise in assessing academic…

The goal of this study was to examine the factorial structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, criterion validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the Brief Strengths Scale-12 (BSS-12) in Korean population. The Korean sample comprised 288 college students (68.1% were female), ranging in age 19 to 30 years (mean age…

Several instruments measure teacher responsibility, but none is available in Hungarian. Thus, this study aimed to adapt a Hungarian version of the Teacher Responsibility Scale (TRS) developed by Lauermann and Karabenick and validate it. The sample was pre-service teachers (N = 296). The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses…

Critical thinking stands out as one of the most important cognitive abilities needed for effective adaptation to a knowledge-based society in the 21st century. Despite its significance, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the conceptual and methodological frameworks for measuring it. This study aimed to design and validate a comprehensive…

In the development of cognitive science understanding human intelligence and mind, measurement of cognitive ability has played a key role. To address the development in data scientific point of views related to cognitive neuroscience, there has been a demand of creating a measurement to capture cognition in short and repeated time periods. This…