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Lu, Junfei; Woo, Hongryun; Huffman, Keith – Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 2018
This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the 21-item Spiritual Competency Scale (SCS-R-II) with data from 176 participants. Moreover, this study examined correlations between the SCS-R-II and the Multicultural Counseling Knowledge and Awareness Scale, and the descriptive characteristics of participants' scores on the SCS-R-II.
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), Religious Factors, Spiritual Development, Competence
Lowery, Robyn Lynette Crowell – ProQuest LLC, 2011
The absence of empirical research on strategies for addressing multicultural resistance is due, in part, to the lack of available measures of the construct. The purpose of this study was to redefine multicultural resistance by utilizing Brehm's theory of psychological reactance (Brehm, 1966; Brehm & Brehm, 1981) to develop a reliable and valid…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Cross Cultural Training, Factor Structure, Test Construction