This article discusses six post-1915 educational benchmarks a) the Socialized Recitation; b) the Testing Movement; c) Individualizing Instruction; d) Project Method and Activity Schools; e) the Eight-Year Study; and f) the United States Armed Forces Institute (USAFI). (JA)

A new formula, expressing relative efficiency solely in terms of the standard errors of measurement and the frequency of distributions of true scores, is developed for the relative efficiency of two tests measuring the same trait. Subtests from the Scholastic Aptitude Test provide a numerical illustration. (Author/RC)

The theory of projective transformation is applied to the Rasch model for representing test performances. (Author/RC)

Significant differences in performance due to task definition were found only on verbal tasks with test instructions yielding superior performance. (Author/RC)

Compared Edwards Personality Inventory (EPI) reliability under the Edwards' instructions (subject responds to the items as he believes those who know him best would answer if asked to describe him) versus the more conventional instructions (to describe yourself directly as you see yourself). (Author/RC)

The purposes of this study were to determine: (1) the effectiveness with which different types of rehearsal strategies complementing visualized instruction facilitate student achievement; (2) the effect of different instructional treatments on students' processing of different knowledge levels; and (3) whether verbal and visual tests are equally…

This study found that the verbal and nonverbal behaviors of examiners during testing may have affects on the intelligence performance of adult subjects. (EK)

Three experiments were performed, based on the two hypotheses about the rejection of false statements. False statements are rejected because they are "contradictory sentences," i.e., there is a subject/predicate contradiction, and "counterexample sentences," which are rejected when a person thinks of a counterexample to the assertion. (SC)

The Children's English and Services Study was a project designed to assess the bilingual education needs of limited English speaking children in the United States. The submission of a draft final report prompted the present report from the sponsoring organization, in which various methodological procedures are questioned and recommendations are…

THE STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO EXPRESS THE PURPOSE OF SYMBOLS AND USE WORDS IN SPEAKING AND WRITING A PARAGRAPH USING DIFFERENT FORMS OF WORDS OF DIFFERENT SHADES OF MEANING AND LEVELS OF DIFFICULTY. HE SHOULD BE ABLE TO ADD PREFIXES, SUFFIXES, AND OTHER AFFIXES TO A LIST OF ROOT WORDS AND UNDERSTAND WORDS AND THEIR ORIGINS. GIVEN A PARAGRAPH, THE…

THE BROAD PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT WAS TO TEST EMPIRICALLY THE STRUCTURE OF THE HANDBOOK "TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES 1--COGNITIVE DOMAIN." IT WAS NECESSARY TO CONSTRUCT FOUR FORMS OF A TAXONOMY-TYPE TEST SINCE NONE WAS AVAILABLE. THE PHENOMENA WHICH ARE CLASSIFIED BY THE "TAXONOMY" ARE THE RESPONSES (BEHAVIORS) WHICH…