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Hambleton, Ronald K.; Murphy, Edward – 1991
Authentic measurement has become an important topic recently in educational testing. Advocates of authentic measurement feel that objective tests, multiple-choice tests in particular, cannot meet the demands required of today's tests and should be replaced by tests that can be closely matched to instruction and can assess higher-order cognitive…
Descriptors: Cognitive Tests, Comparative Analysis, Elementary Secondary Education, Literature Reviews

Hambleton, Ronald K.; Murphy, Edward – Applied Measurement in Education, 1992
The validity of several criticisms of objective tests is addressed, and the viability of some alternatives to objective testing is discussed. Evidence against multiple-choice tests is not as strong as has been claimed. Authentic assessments may not always be better, and research about new forms of assessment is necessary. (SLD)
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Educational Assessment, Literature Reviews, Measurement Techniques
Gronlund, Norman E. – 1998
This book is a practical guide for assessing the intended learning outcomes of classroom instruction. It is based on the premise that assessment of student achievement plays a vital role in instruction and that the main goal of assessment is to improve learning. The new title of this sixth edition reflects a shift from major concern with classroom…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Educational Assessment, Educational Testing