This research deals primarily with an overview of drug use and/or abuse, with specific discussion of the halfway house concept of treatment, including definition, historical framework, rationales, and inherent problems of halfway houses as modalities of treatment (i.e., economics of the treatment modality). Other special treatment modalities are investigated: civil commitment, parole, guided group interaction, with empirical research examples presented regarding all three. Implications for the various modalities are presented and the general future (s), if any, for the modalities are discussed. (Author)