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Lawson, Anton E.; And Others – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1991
The constructivist hypothesis that the acquisition of domain-specific conceptual knowledge (declarative) requires the use of general procedural knowledge was tested. Students (n=314) were classified as reflective, transitional, or intuitive thinkers and presented with four concept-acquisition tasks. Skill in hypothetico-deductive reasoning…
Descriptors: Biology, Chemistry, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation

Dimant, Rose J.; Bearison, David J. – Developmental Psychology, 1991
College students were assigned to either dyadic or individual problem-solving conditions and were given a series of formal operational tasks. Dyadic subjects solved more problems during the interaction phase than did individual subjects. Among dyadic subjects, interactions were associated with problem solving and pre-to-posttest gain scores. (BC)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Development, College Students, Cooperation
Brown, Dave F.; Canniff, Mary – Middle School Journal (J3), 2007
One of the most challenging daily experiences of teaching young adolescents is helping them transition from Piaget's concrete to the formal operational stage of cognitive development during the middle school years. Students who have reached formal operations can design and test hypotheses, engage in deductive reasoning, use flexible thinking,…
Descriptors: Middle School Teachers, Curriculum Design, Cognitive Processes, Adolescent Development

Gipson, Michael H.; And Others – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1989
Presented is a study in which students' intellectual reasoning development was evaluated following instruction that emphasized formal operations in a traditional lecture format. Results indicated that formal-operational students had significantly more success in the three reasoning areas than transitional students and transitional students had…
Descriptors: Biological Sciences, Cognitive Development, College Science, Formal Operations

Trifone, James D. – American Biology Teacher, 1991
The reasoning abilities to be expected of the concrete operational and formal operational student, the percentage of secondary science students that are capable of each type of reasoning pattern, and effective strategies to teach science to concrete reasoners are described. Implications for curriculum development are discussed. (KR)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Biology, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation

Doise, Willem; Hanselmann, Claude – Learning and Instruction, 1991
To illustrate the joint intervention of sociocognitive conflict and social marking in cognitive processes, 160 children (87 males and 73 females) in Geneva (Switzerland), with an average age of 6.5 years completed conservation of number and conservation of liquids tasks. Conflict and social marking are important in the acquisition of operational…
Descriptors: Child Development, Classroom Research, Cognitive Development, Conflict

Shemesh, Michal – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1990
Investigated were gender-related differences in the relationship between the development of formal reasoning skills and learning interests during the early adolescent stage. Results indicated that adolescent boys appeared to develop patterns of formal reasoning before their female classmates. Differences in subject preferences were also found. (CW)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Females, Foreign Countries, Formal Operations

Pandey, Nagendra Nath; And Others – Studies in Educational Evaluation, 1993
Psychometric information was obtained on the Longeot test, which measures aspects of formal thinking, from a sample of 884 high school science students in India taking a Hindi version of the test. The test version appears valid for these students and may be used to classify subjects into Piagetian developmental levels. (SLD)
Descriptors: Child Development, Cognitive Development, Developmental Stages, Foreign Countries
King, Patricia M.; Kitchener, Karen Strohm – 1994
This book describes the Reflective Judgment Model (RJM) and provides a comprehensive review of the research on it and the Reflective Judgment Interview (RJI). Chapter 1 defines reflective judgment as an often neglected aspect of critical thinking. Chapter 2 discusses stage-related assumptions that underlie RJM and relates RJM to current work in…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adult Education, Adults, Cognitive Development

Adey, Philip; Shayer, Michael – Cognition and Instruction, 1993
To test whether gains in cognitive development can be accelerated, an intervention model was used to give pupils special lessons in science, using ideas of cognitive conflict, metacognition, and bridging in the context of formal operations. Found that intervention led to substantial and long-lasting increased achievement in science, mathematics,…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Acceleration (Education), Cognitive Development, Cognitive Dissonance