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Léo Picat; Salvador Mascarenhas – Cognitive Science, 2024
We investigate the articulation between domain-general reasoning and interpretive processes in failures of deductive reasoning. We focus on illusory inferences from disjunction-like elements, a broad class of deductive fallacies studied in some detail over the past 15 years. These fallacies have received accounts grounded in reasoning processes,…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Linguistics
Kate Dawes – ProQuest LLC, 2024
This study aimed to investigate the following questions: Does the use of thinking maps and semantic mapping during explicit vocabulary instruction affect content specific science vocabulary knowledge and comprehension in fourth grade students? and What are student perceptions of using thinking maps and semantic maps to learn new vocabulary? To…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Grade 4, Vocabulary Development, Comprehension
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Danis, Eliane; Nader, Anne-Marie; Degré-Pelletier, Janie; Soulières, Isabelle – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2023
In light of the known visuoperceptual strengths and altered language skills in autism, we investigated the impact of problem content (semantic/visuospatial) combined with complexity and presence of lures on fluid reasoning in 43 autistic and 41 typical children (6-13 years old). Increased complexity and presence of lures diminished performance,…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Language Skills, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Semantics
Yang, Yezhou – ProQuest LLC, 2015
Modern intelligent agents will need to learn the actions that humans perform. They will need to recognize these actions when they see them and they will need to perform these actions themselves. We want to propose a cognitive system that interprets human manipulation actions from perceptual information (image and depth data) and consists of…
Descriptors: Observation, Object Manipulation, Perceptual Motor Coordination, Semantics
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Swart, Nicole M.; Muijselaar, Marloes M. L.; Steenbeek-Planting, Esther G.; Droop, Mienke; de Jong, Peter F.; Verhoeven, L. – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2017
The mental lexicon plays a central role in reading comprehension (Perfetti & Stafura, 2014). It encompasses the number of lexical entries in spoken and written language (vocabulary breadth), the semantic quality of these entries (vocabulary depth), and the connection strength between lexical representations (semantic relatedness); as such, it…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Grade 4, Predictor Variables, Semantics
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Ambridge, Ben; Pine, Julian M.; Rowland, Caroline F. – Cognition, 2012
The present study investigated how children learn that some verbs may appear in the figure-locative but not the ground-locative construction (e.g., "Lisa poured water into the cup"; "*Lisa poured the cup with water"), with some showing the opposite pattern (e.g., "*Bart filled water into the cup"; "Bart filled the cup with water"), and others…
Descriptors: Semantics, Verbs, Grammar, Exhibits
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Kunda, Maithilee; Goel, Ashok K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
We analyze the hypothesis that some individuals on the autism spectrum may use visual mental representations and processes to perform certain tasks that typically developing individuals perform verbally. We present a framework for interpreting empirical evidence related to this "Thinking in Pictures" hypothesis and then provide…
Descriptors: Semantics, Autism, Cognitive Processes, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Russo, N.; Mottron, L.; Burack, J. A.; Jemel, B. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) report difficulty integrating simultaneously presented visual and auditory stimuli (Iarocci & McDonald, 2006), albeit showing enhanced perceptual processing of unisensory stimuli, as well as an enhanced role of perception in higher-order cognitive tasks (Enhanced Perceptual Functioning (EPF) model;…
Descriptors: Evidence, Auditory Stimuli, Reaction Time, Semantics
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Perez, Trecy Martinez; Majerus, Steve; Mahot, Aline; Poncelet, Martine – Dyslexia, 2012
In order to better understand the nature of verbal short-term memory (STM) deficits in dyslexic children, the present study used the distinction between item and serial order retention capacities in STM tasks. According to recent STM models, storage of verbal item information depends very directly upon the richness of underlying phonological and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Semantics, Dyslexia, Control Groups
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D'Argembeau, Arnaud; Mathy, Arnaud – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2011
The ability to mentally simulate possible futures ("episodic future thinking") is of fundamental importance for various aspects of human cognition and behavior, but precisely how humans construct mental representations of future events is still essentially unknown. We suggest that episodic future thoughts consist of transitory patterns…
Descriptors: Semantics, Prompting, Cognitive Processes, Simulation
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Richland, Lindsey Engle; Chan, Tsz-Kit; Morrison, Robert G.; Au, Terry Kit-Fong – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
A cross-cultural comparison between U.S. and Hong Kong preschoolers examined factors responsible for young children's analogical reasoning errors. On a scene analogy task, both groups had adequate prerequisite knowledge of the key relations, were the same age, and showed similar baseline performance, yet Chinese children outperformed U.S. children…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Semantics, Young Children, Cultural Differences
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Cirino, Paul T.; Morris, Mary K.; Morris, Robin D. – Assessment, 2007
Semantic retrieval (SR) and executive-procedural (EP), but not visuospatial (VS) skills, have been found to be uniquely predictive of mathematical calculation skills in a sample of clinically referred college students. This study set out to cross-validate these results in an independent sample of clinically referred college students (N = 337) as…
Descriptors: Remedial Mathematics, College Mathematics, Memory, Semantics
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Evans, Jonathan St. B. T.; Over, David E.; Handley, Simon J. – Psychological Review, 2005
P. N. Johnson-Laird and R. M. J. Byrne proposed an influential theory of conditionals in which mental models represent logical possibilities and inferences are drawn from the extensions of possibilities that are used to represent conditionals. In this article, the authors argue that the extensional semantics underlying this theory is equivalent to…
Descriptors: Semantics, Inferences, Thinking Skills, Cognitive Processes
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Besche-Richard, Chrystel; Passerieux, Christine; Hardy-Bayle, Marie-Christine – Brain and Language, 2005
It has been shown that schizophrenics have certain difficulties in the processing of semantic context. These difficulties have usually been evaluated using lexical decision tasks with semantic priming. In this study, we chose to examine the idea of an abnormality in the early stages of semantic context processing in thought-disordered…
Descriptors: Patients, Schizophrenia, Semantics, Thinking Skills
Sierpinska, Anna – 1994
This book discusses the act of understanding in mathematics. The first chapter, "Understanding and Meaning," inquires into the various senses and uses of the word "understanding" in ordinary language and discusses the notion of meaning and relations between understanding and meaning. The second chapter, "Components and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation, Cultural Context, Definitions
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